Ordre
Valide Éteint

Placodontia

placodont
(Cope 1871)

Les Placodontia forment un ordre éteint de sauropsides marins du Trias, en voie d'extinction à la fin de cette période. On les pense appartenir aux sauroptérygiens, groupe qui comprend aussi les plésiosaures. Les placodontes mesuraient généralement d'un à deux mètres de longueur, les plus grands atteignant les trois mètres.

Plage temporelle
Trias
Jurassique
Crétacé
Paléogène
Néogène
252 201 145 66 0 Ma
Occurrences PBDB
105
Groupe
Sauroptérygiens
Marin
Placodontia
cliquer pour agrandir
fossil of placodus © Ghedoghedo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia

Légende en anglais — traduction française non disponible.

PBDB Wikipedia
Classification
Sauropterygia Sous-ordre
Placodontia Ordre
Sites de découverte 105 sites géolocalisés
Répartition
Principaux pays
🇩🇪 Allemagne
41
🇮🇱 Israël
14
🇮🇹 Italie
11
🇪🇸 Espagne
6
🇨🇳 Chine
5
🇦🇹 Autriche
5
🇵🇱 Pologne
4
🇨🇭 Suisse
3
🇸🇦 Arabie saoudite
3
🇭🇺 Hongrie
3
Formations géologiques
Gevanim
4
Besano
3
Muschelkalk
3
Jena
3
Jilh
3
Xiaowa
3
Kössener Schichten
3
Calcare di Zu
3
Vossenveld
2
Saharonim
2
Distribution temporelle
Campanien (83.6–72.2 Ma)
1
Rhétien (205.7–201.4 Ma)
11
Norien (227.3–205.7 Ma)
4
Carnien (237–227.3 Ma)
10
Ladinien (241.464–237 Ma)
35
Anisien (246.7–241.464 Ma)
44
Synonymes (1)
Priscochelys hegnabrunnensis nomen dubium, species not entered Placodontia
Images 3
Bibliographie
Description originale
J. J., Jr. Sepkoski. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560
Bibliographie (50)
W. Wang, C. Li, and T. M. Scheyer, L. J. Zhao. 2019. A new species of Cyamodus (Placodontia, Sauropterygia) from the early Late Triassic of south-west China. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 17(17):1457-1476 DOI ↗
C. Miguel Chaves, F. Ortega, and A. Perez-Garcia. 2018. A new placodont from the Upper Triassic of Spain provides new insights on the acquisition of the specialized skull of Henodontidae. Papers in Palaeontology 4(4):567-576 DOI ↗
N. Klein and T. Scheyer. 2014. A new placodont sauropterygian from the Middle Triassic of the Netherlands. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica DOI ↗
J. M. Neenan and T. M. Scheyer. 2014. New specimen of Psephoderma alpinum (Sauropterygia, Placodontia) from the Late Triassic of Schesaplana Mountain, Graubünden, Switzerland. Swiss Journal of Geosciences 107(2-3):349-357 DOI ↗
A. Ősi, G. Botfalvai, and E. Prondvai, Z. Hajdu, G. Czirják, Z. Szentesi, E. Pozsgai, A. E. Götz, L. Makádi, D. Csengődi, K. Sebe. 2013. First report of Triassic vertebrate assemblages from the Villány Hills (southern Hungary). Central European Geology 56:297-335 DOI ↗
C. G. Diedrich. 2011. The shallow marine placodont Cyamodus of the central European Germanic Basin: its evolution, paleobiogeography and paleoecology. Historical Biology 23(4):391-409 DOI ↗
B. P. Kear, T. H. Rich, and P. Vickers-Rich, M. A. Ali, Y. A. Al-Mufarrih, A. D. Matari, A. M. Al-Masary, M. A. Halawani. 2010. A review of aquatic vertebrate remains from the Middle-Upper Triassic Jilh Formation of Saudi Arabia. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 122:1-8 DOI ↗
T. M. Scheyer. 2010. New interpretation of the postcranial skeleton and overall body shape of the placodont Cyamodus hildegardis Peyer, 1931 (Reptilia, Sauropterygia). Palaeontologica Electronica 13(2):15A
C. Bickelmann and P. M. Sander. 2008. A partial skeleton and isolated humeri of Nothosaurus (Reptilia: Eosauropterygia) from Winterswijk, The Netherlands. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(2):326-338 DOI ↗
E. Buffetaut and M. Novak. 2008. A cyamodontid placodont (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Triassic of Slovenia. Palaeontology 51(6):1301-1306 DOI ↗
F. M. Dalla Vecchia. 2008. First record of Simosaurus (Sauropterygia, Nothosauroidea) from the Carnian (Late Triassic) of Italy. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 114(2):273-285
D.- Y. Jiang, R. Motani, and W.-C. Hao, O. Rieppel, Y.-L. Sun, L. Schmitz, Z.-Y. Sun. 2008. First record of Placodontoidea (Reptilia, Sauropterygia, Placodonta) from the Eastern Tethys. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(3):904-908 DOI ↗
X. Wang, G. H. Bachmann, and H. Hagdorn, P. M. Sanders, G. Cuny, X. Chen, C. Wang, L. Chen, L. Cheng, F. Meng, G. Xu. 2008. The Late Triassic black shales of the Guanling area, Guizhou province, south-west China: a unique marine reptile and pelagic crinoid fossil lagerstätte. Palaeontology 51(1):27-61
L.-J. Zhao, C. Li, and J. Liu, T. He. 2008. A new armored placodont from the Middle Triassic of Yunnan Province, southwestern China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 46:171-177
H.-V. Karl. 2005. The homology of supramarginals in turtles (Reptilia: Chelonii). Studia Geologica Salmanticensia 41:63-75
F. Bizzarini, G. Prosser, and F. Prosser, I. Prosser. 2003. Osservazioni preliminari sui resti di vertebrati della formazione di S. Cassiano del Bosco di Stuores (Dolomiti nord-orientali). Annali del Museo Civico di Rovereto 17:137-148
M. Dalla Vecchia and M. Avanzini. 2002. New findings of isolated remains of Triassic reptiles from Northeastern Italy. Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana 42(2-3):215-235
C. Li and O. Rieppel. 2002. A new cyamodontid placodont from Triassic of Guizhou, China. Chinese Science Bulletin 47(5):403-407 DOI ↗
M. W. Maisch and J. Lehmann. 2002. A new basal omphalosaurid from the Middle Triassic of Germany. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Monatshefte (9):513-525 DOI ↗
O. Rieppel. 2002. The dermal armor of the cyamodontoid placodonts (Reptilia, Sauropterygia): morphology and systematic value. Fieldiana Geology: New Series 46:1-41 DOI ↗
P. M. Galton. 2001. The prosauropod dinosaur Plateosaurus Meyer, 1837 (Saurischia: Sauropodomorpha; Upper Triassic). II. Notes on the referred species. Revue Paléobiologie, Genève 20(2):435-502
O. Rieppel. 2001. The cranial anatomy of Placochelys placodonta Jaekel, 1902, and a review of the Cyamodontoidea (Reptilia, Placodonta). Fieldiana: Geology, new series 45:1-104 DOI ↗
O. Rieppel. 2000. Paraplacodus and the phylogeny of the Placodontia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 130:365-359 DOI ↗
O. Rieppel and H. Hagdorn. 1999. A skull of Cyamodus kuhnschnyderi Nosotti & Pinna 1993, from the Muschelkalk of Wassonne (Alsace, France). Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 73(3/4):377-383 DOI ↗
P. Vickers-Rich, T. H. Rich, and O. Rieppel, R. A. Thulborn, H. A. McClure. 1999. A Middle Triassic vertebrate fauna from the Jilh Formation, Saudi Arabia. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 213:201-232 DOI ↗
O. Rieppel and H. Hagdorn. 1998. Fossil reptiles from the Spanish Muschelkalk (Mont‐Ral and Alcover, Province Tarragona). Historical Biology 13:77-97 DOI ↗
O. Rieppel. 1995. The genus Placodus: systematics, morphology, paleobiogeography, and paleobiology. Fieldiana: Geology, new series 31:1-44 DOI ↗
O. Rieppel. 1994. Osteology of Simosaurus gaillardoti and the relationships of stem-group Sauropterygia. Fieldiana: Geology, new series 28:1-85 DOI ↗
G. Pinna and S. Nosotti. 1989. Anatomia, morfologia funzionale e paleoecologia del rettile placodonte Psephoderma alpiunum Meyer, 1858. Memorie della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale de Milano 25(2):1-50
S. Nosotti. 1986. Denti di rettili placodonti nelle collezioni del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 127(3-4):237-244
A. Parnes, C. Benjamini, and F. Hirsch. 1985. New Aspects of Triassic Ammonoid Biostratigraphy, Paleoenvironments and Paleobiogeography in Southern Israel (Sepharadic Province). Journal of Paleontology 59(3):656-666
L. Beltan, P. Janvier, and O. Monod, F. Westphal. 1979. A new marine fish and placodont reptile fauna of Ladinian age from southwestern Turkey. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte 1979(5):257-267
H. Zapfe. 1976. Ein großer Ichthyosaurier aus den Kössener Schichten der Nordalpen. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 80:239-250
M. L. Z. Stolfa. 1975. Resti fossili di rettili nel Raibliano delle Alpi Carniche. Bollettino della Società Geologica Italiana 94(5):1079-1081
W. A. Macfadyen. 1970. Geological Highlights of the West Country. A Nature Conservancy Handbook DOI ↗
G. Haas. 1967. On the vertebral centra of nothosaurs and placodonts from the Muschelkalk of Wadi Ramon, Negev, Israel. Problemes Actuels de Paleontologies 163:329-333
A. F. d. Lapparent. 1966. Nouveaux gisements de reptiles Mesozoiques en Espagne [New localities of Mesozoic reptiles in Spain]. Notas y Comunicaciones del Instituto Geologico y Minero de España 84:103-110
G. Haas. 1959. On some fragments of the dermal skeleton of Placodontia from the Trias of Araif en Naqa, Sinai Peninsula. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, Fjärde Serien 7(4):1-19
E. Kuhn-Schnyder. 1959. Über das Gebiss von Cyamodus. Vierteljahresschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich 104:174-188
F. Brotzen. 1956. Stratigraphical studies on the Triassic vertebrate fossils from Wadi Raman, Israel. Arkiv foer Mineralogi och Geologi 2(9):191-217
M. Lang and F. v. Huene. 1952. Die Saurier Thüringens nach Erhebungen ihres centralen Betreuters Dr. med. u. Dr. rer. nat. h. c. Hugo Rühle von Lilienstern† [The Dinosaurs of Thuringia after Surveys of Their Central Supervisor M.D. and Dr. Nat. Sci. Hugo Rühle von Lilienstern†] DOI ↗
O. Kuhn. 1939. Beiträge zur Keuperfauna von Halberstadt [Contributions to the Keuper fauna of Halberstadt]. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 21:258-286 DOI ↗
F. F. v. Huene. 1936. Henodus chelyops, ein neuer placodontier. Sonder-Abduck aus Palaeontographica Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Vorzeit, Abteilung A 84:99-148
G. Rosenberg. 1935. Ein Placodontier-Zahn aus dem Hauptdolomit der niederösterreichischen Kalkalpen. (A tooth of Placodontidae from the Hauptdolomit in the niederösterreichic Kalkalpes). Verhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt (Wien), Vienna 4:54-58
P. Assmann. 1914. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Stratigraphie des oberschlesischen Muschelkalk. Jahrbuch der königlich preussischen geologischen Landesanstalt zu Berlin 34(1):268-340
F. v. Huene. 1911. Die jungtriassische Wirbeltierfauna von Niederschönthal bei Basel [The Upper Triassic vertebrate fauna of Niederschönthal near Basel]. Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie 1911:422-424
E. Fraas. 1896. Die Schwäbischen Trias-Saurier nach dem Material der Kgl. Naturalien-Sammlung in Stuttgart zusammengestellt [Swabian Triassic dinosaurs based on the material in the Royal Natural History Collection compiled in Stuttgart]. Festgabe des Königlichen Naturalien-Cabinets In Stuttgart zur 42 Versammlung der Deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft in Stuttgart, August 1896. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlag-handlung (E. Koch), Stuttgart
S. von Wöhrmann. 1889. Die Fauna der sogenannten Cardita- und Raibler-Schichten in den Nordtiroler und bayerischen Alpen. Jahrbuch des kaiserlich-königlichen Geologischen Reichsanstalt, Wein 39:181-258
G. Gürich. 1884. Ueber einige Saurier des obershlesischen Muschelkalkes [On some saurians from the Upper Silesian Muschelkalk]. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 36:125-144
R. Owen. 1859. Description of the skull and teeth of the Placodus laticeps, Ow, with indications of other new species of Placodus, and evidence of the saurian nature of that extinct genus. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 9:157-159