Cedarosaurus

Diagram depicting the currently named Dinosauria from the Early Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah. Dinosaur taxa: Cedarosaurus weiskopfae → Grand County locality.[1] Length = 15 meters.[2] Cedrorestes crichtoni → Dave's Camp Site locality.[3] Length = 6 meters.[4] Falcarius utahensis → Crystal Geyser Quarry & Suarez Site/Quarry localities.[5] Length = 5 meters.[5] Gastonia burgei → Gaston Quarry, Dalton Wells, Doelling's Bowl localities.[6] Length = 5 meters.[2] Geminiraptor suarezarum → Suarez Site/Quarry locality.[7] Length = 1.5 meters.[4] Hippodraco scutodens → Andrew's Site locality.[8] Length = 4.5 meters.[8] Iguanacolossus fortis → Don's Ridge & Doelling's Bowl localities.[8][6] Length = 9 meters.[8] Martharaptor greenriverensis → Hayden-Corbett Site.[9] Length = Extrapolated after relatives. Mierasaurus bobyoungi → Doelling’s Bowl locality.[10] Length = ∼9 meters.[10][11] Moabosaurus utahensis → Dalton Wells locality.[12] Length = 9.75 meters.[12] Nedcolbertia justinhofmanni → Dalton Wells & Gaston Quarry localities.[13] Length = ∼3 meters.[13] Utahraptor ostrommaysi → Dalton Wells, Gaston Quarry, Stikes Quarry, Utahraptor Ridge localities.[14][6] Length = 5.5 meters.[2] Yurgovuchia doellingi → Don’s Place - Doelling’s Bowl locality.[15] Length = 2.5 meters.[15] References ↑ (1999). "New sauropod from the Lower Cretaceous of Utah, USA". Oryctos 2: 21–37. ↑ a b c (2016) The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs (2nd ed.), Princeton: Princeton University Press ISBN: 9780691167664. ↑ "A possible new basal hadrosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of Eastern Utah" in (2007) Horns and Beaks: Ceratopsian and Ornithopod Dinosaurs, Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, pp. 79–89 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctt1zxz1md.10. ISBN: 0-253-34817-X. ↑ a b (2007) Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages, Random House ISBN: 9780375824197. Genus List for Holtz 2012 Weight Information ↑ a b (2010). "Osteology of Falcarius utahensis (Dinosauria: Theropoda): characterizing the anatomy of basal therizinosaurs". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158 (1): 196–230. DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00464.x. ↑ a b c (2016). "The Lower Cretaceous in East-Central Utah—The Cedar Mountain Formation and its Bounding Strata". Geology of the Intermoutain West 3: 1-130. ↑ (2010). "A New Troodontid Theropod Dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Utah". PLOS ONE 5 (12): e14329. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0014329. PMID 21179513. PMC: 3002269. ↑ a b c d (2010). "New Basal Iguanodonts from the Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah and the Evolution of Thumb-Spiked Dinosaurs". PLOS ONE 5 (11): e14075. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0014075. PMID 21124919. PMC: 2989904. ↑ (2012). "Martharaptor greenriverensis, a New Theropod Dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Utah". PLOS ONE 7 (8): e43911. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0043911. PMID 22952806. PMC: 3430620. ↑ a b (2017). "Descendants of the Jurassic turiasaurs from Iberia found refuge in the Early Cretaceous of western USA". Scientific Reports 7 (1): 14311. DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-14677-2. PMID 29085006. PMC: 5662694. ↑ (2020) Dinosaur Facts and Figures: The Sauropods and Other Sauropodomorphs, Princeton: Princeton University Press ISBN: 9780691202976. ↑ a b (2017). "Moabosaurus Utahensis, N. Gen., N. SP., A New Sauropod From The Early Cretaceous (Aptian) of North America". Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 32 (11): 189–243. ↑ a b (1998). "A small coelurosaurian theropod from the Yellow Cat Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation (Lower Cretaceous, Barremian) of eastern Utah". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 14: 239–248. ↑ (1993). "A large dromaeosaurid (Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Eastern Utah". Hunteria 2 (10): 1–16. ↑ a b (2012). "New Dromaeosaurids (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Utah, and the Evolution of the Dromaeosaurid Tail". PLOS ONE 7 (5): e36790. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0036790. PMID 22615813. PMC: 3352940.

Main evolutionary steps proposed for the morphofunctional and postural changes of the sauropod pedes. (A) Sauropod body mass through time (in metric tons) based on the sauropod body mass estimations of (41) (NB: data lacking for the second half of the Upper Cretaceous so illustrated here faded, in continuity with the data recorded in the Cretaceous). Schematic outlines of selected large specimens illustrated in the curve, including (from left to right) P. engelhardti, Vulcanodon karibaensis, R. brownei, G. brancai, Cedarosaurus weiskopfae, and Notocolossus gonzalezparejasi. (B) Projected evolutionary changes occurring in the sauropod pes associated with trend in body mass, including 1, skeletal and functional digitigrade pedal posture among basal non-sauropod sauropodomorphs with an incipient soft tissue pad (ISP) (see figs. S34 and S35); 2 and 3, expansion of a well-developed soft tissue pad beneath the elevated pedal bones (SP), resulting in a functionally plantigrade pes + retention of skeletal posture within a range of digitigrady; 4, retention of a soft tissue pad and yet undetermined trend toward more elevated bones; 5, conservation of the neomorphic soft tissue pad within all lineages. Selected examples of well-preserved non-sauropod sauropodomorph and sauropod pedal tracks illustrated above the trends, including (from left to right) Evazoum siriguii; Pseudotetrasauropus bipedoida, Eosauropus isp., Lavinipes cheminii; Kalosauropus pollex, Liujianpus shunan, Polyonyx gomesi; Parabrontopodus mcintoshi; Brontopodus birdi; Titanopodus mendozensis; and unnamed Asian sauropod track. Source of adapted drawing and notes are listed in table S9 and data S2.

Main evolutionary steps proposed for the morphofunctional and postural changes of the sauropod pedes. (A) Sauropod body mass through time (in metric tons) based on the sauropod body mass estimations of (41) (NB: data lacking for the second half of the Upper Cretaceous so illustrated here faded, in continuity with the data recorded in the Cretaceous). Schematic outlines of selected large specimens illustrated in the curve, including (from left to right) P. engelhardti, Vulcanodon karibaensis, R. brownei, G. brancai, Cedarosaurus weiskopfae, and Notocolossus gonzalezparejasi. (B) Projected evolutionary changes occurring in the sauropod pes associated with trend in body mass, including 1, skeletal and functional digitigrade pedal posture among basal non-sauropod sauropodomorphs with an incipient soft tissue pad (ISP) (see figs. S34 and S35); 2 and 3, expansion of a well-developed soft tissue pad beneath the elevated pedal bones (SP), resulting in a functionally plantigrade pes + retention of skeletal posture within a range of digitigrady; 4, retention of a soft tissue pad and yet undetermined trend toward more elevated bones; 5, conservation of the neomorphic soft tissue pad within all lineages. Selected examples of well-preserved non-sauropod sauropodomorph and sauropod pedal tracks illustrated above the trends, including (from left to right) Evazoum siriguii; Pseudotetrasauropus bipedoida, Eosauropus isp., Lavinipes cheminii; Kalosauropus pollex, Liujianpus shunan, Polyonyx gomesi; Parabrontopodus mcintoshi; Brontopodus birdi; Titanopodus mendozensis; and unnamed Asian sauropod track. Source of adapted drawing and notes are listed in table S9 and data S2.

Cedarosaurus parts laid out