Unranked clade
Valid Extinct

Pluridensini

Longrich et al. 2021

The Halisaurinae are a subfamily of mosasaurs, a group of Late Cretaceous marine lizards. They were small to medium-sized, ranging from just under 3 meters in Eonatator sternbergi to as much as 8 or 9 meters in Pluridens serpentis. They tended to have relatively slender jaws and small, numerous teeth, suggesting a diet of small fish and other prey. Although the skeleton is primitive compared to other Mosasauridae in many respects, halisaurines had the distinctive hypocercal tail of other mosasaurids suggesting good swimming ability, and they persisted alongside other mosasaurs until the end of the Cretaceous. The earliest known remains of halisaurines occur in rocks of Santonian age and the subfamily persists until the latest Maastrichtian. Halisaurines are known from North and South America, Europe, Asia and Africa, indicating a more or less global distribution in the Late Cretaceous. Four genera are currently recognized: Eonatator, Halisaurus, Phosphorosaurus and Pluridens.

Temporal range
Triassic
Jurassic
Cretaceous
Paleogene
Neogene
252 201 145 66 0 Ma
PBDB occurrences
5
Group
Mosasaures
Carnivore aquatic Terrestrial
Pluridensini
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Fossil of Halisaurus, an extinct reptile- Took the picture at Muse (Trento) © Ghedoghedo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia
PBDB Wikipedia
Classification
Mosasauridae Family
Halisaurinae Unranked clade
Pluridensini Unranked clade
Fossil sites 5 geolocated sites
Distribution
Top countries
🇲🇦 Morocco
2
🇺🇸 United States
1
🇳🇬 Nigeria
1
🇳🇪 Niger
1
Geological formations
Couche III
2
Mooreville Chalk
1
Nkporo Shale
1
Farin-Doutchi
1
Temporal distribution
Maastrichtian (72.2–66 Ma)
3
Campanian (83.6–72.2 Ma)
2
Images 1
Bibliography
Original description
N. R. Longrich, N. Bardet, and F. Khaldoune, O. Khadiri Yazami, N.-E. Jalil. 2021. Pluridens serpentis, a new mosasaurid (Mosasauridae: Halisaurinae) from the Maastrichtian of Morocco and implications for mosasaur diversity. Cretaceous Research DOI ↗
Bibliography (4)
N. R. Longrich and N. Jalil. 2026. A Giant Halisaurine from the Late Maastrichtian of Morocco. Diversity 18(3):159 DOI ↗
N. R. Longrich, N. Bardet, and F. Khaldoune, O. Khadiri Yazami, N.-E. Jalil. 2021. Pluridens serpentis, a new mosasaurid (Mosasauridae: Halisaurinae) from the Maastrichtian of Morocco and implications for mosasaur diversity. Cretaceous Research DOI ↗
N. R. Longrich. 2016. A new species of Pluridens (Mosasauridae: Halisaurinae) from the upper Campanian of Southern Nigeria. Cretaceous Research 64:36-44 DOI ↗
T. Lingham-Soliar. 1998. A new mosasaur Pluridens walkeri from the Upper Cretaceous, Maastrichtian of the Iullemmeden Basin, southwest Niger. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18(4):709-707 DOI ↗