Chirostenotes

The hands of oviraptorosaurs, showing basal oviraptorosaurs (A-B), Caenagnathidae (C-G) and Oviraptoridae (H-R). Colors signify diagnostic attributes of each group, with blue representing caenagnathid features (1-7), red representing oviraptorid features (8-15), green representing “ingeniine” features (16-21), light orange representing other features (22-25) not evenly distributed among taxa, and violet representing features basal to or restricted to non-caenagnathoid oviraptorosaurs (26-31). See text for clarification. A, Protarchaeopteryx robusta, based on NGMC 2127; B, Caudipteryx sp., based on IVPP V12430; C, Anzu wyliei, based on CM 78000; D, Gigantoraptor erlianensis, based on LH V0011; E, Chirostenotes pergracilis, based on CMN 2367 and RTMP 1979.20.1; F, Hagryphus giganteus, based on UMNH VP 12765; G, Elmisaurus rarus, based on ZPAL MgD-I/98; H, Wulatelong gobiensis, based on IVPP V18409; I, Oviraptor philoceratops, based on AMNH FABR 6517; J, the Bayan Mandahu “oviraptorine,” IVPP V9608; K, the Zamyn Khondt “oviraptorid,” MPC-D 100/42; L, Citipati osmolskae, based on MPC-D 100/979; M, Conchoraptor gracilis, based on MPC-D 100/20; N, Khaan mckennai, based on MPC-D 100/1127; O, Machairasaurus leptonychus, based on IVPP V15979; P, Nemegtomaia barsboldi, based on MPC-D 107/15 and 107/16; Q, “Ingenia“ yanshini, based on MPC-D 100/30; R, Heyuannia huangi, based on HYMV1-2.

Restored skeleton of Anzu wyliei (previously labelled as a specimen of Chirostenotes)

Restored skull and neck vertebra of Anzu wyliei (previously labelled as a specimen of Chirostenotes)

Restored skull and neck vertebra of Anzu wyliei (previously labelled as a specimen of Chirostenotes)

Restored skull and neck vertebra of Anzu wyliei (previously labelled as a specimen of Chirostenotes)

Restored skeleton of Anzu wyliei (previously labelled as a specimen of Chirostenotes)

Restored skeleton of Anzu wyliei (previously labelled as a specimen of Chirostenotes)

Skeletal reconstructions of Dinosaur Park Formation caenagnathids. Skeletal reconstructions of Citipes elegans (left), Chirostenotes pergracilis (middle), and Caenagnathus collinsi (right), showing variation in skeletal representation and body size. Previously referred material is indicated in white and newly referred material is indicated in red for each taxon. Blue asterisks indicate elements that have been histologically sampled for each taxon. Citipes elegans: dentaries, metatarsal IV; Chirostenotes pergracilis: dentaries, tibia; Caenagnathus collinsi: pubis.

Tarsometatarsi of caenagnathids from the Upper Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation, Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada. A. TMP 1993.036.0181 (Chirostenotes pergracilis). B. TMP 1982.016.0006 (Citipes elegans). C. ROM 781 (Citipes elegans holotype). D. TMP 1996.012.0141 (Citipes elegans). Tarsometatarsi in proximal (A1–D1), anterior (A2–D2), and posterior (A3–D3) views.

Skeletal reconstructions of Dinosaur Park Formation caenagnathids. Skeletal reconstructions of Citipes elegans (left), Chirostenotes pergracilis (middle), and Caenagnathus collinsi (right), showing variation in skeletal representation and body size. Previously referred material is indicated in white and newly referred material is indicated in red for each taxon. Blue asterisks indicate elements that have been histologically sampled for each taxon. Citipes elegans: dentaries, metatarsal IV; Chirostenotes pergracilis: dentaries, tibia; Caenagnathus collinsi: pubis.

Skeletal reconstructions showing known elements of Chirostenotes pergracilis.