stratigraphie

Stratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous Neuquén Group (after Garrido) indicating stratigraphic positions of definitive unenlagiine taxa (modified from Gianechini and Gianechini & Apesteguía). Skeletal reconstructions to approximate scale, redrawn and/or modified from works by Scott Hartman (Buitreraptor gonzalezorum, Austroraptor cabazai), Gabriel Lio (Unenlagia comahuensis, Neuquenraptor argentinus, Unenlagia paynemili), and Jaime Headden (Pamparaptor micros, Diuqin lechiguanae), used with permission

(A) Present day map of Australia with the town of Lightning Ridge indicated by the star. (B) Regional map of the Lightning Ridge region showing localities (where known) for specimens described in this text. Sealed (solid black lines) and unsealed roads (dashed lines) are indicated. The ephemeral Coocoran Lake is marked with a dotted blue line. (C) Correlative stratigraphy of the major Cretaceous depositional basins and geological units discussed in this study. The ornithopod icon and arrow indicate the approximate level of the Griman Creek Formation from which the current material pertains. Informal units are in quotation marks. Maps in (A) and (B) redrawn and modified from Bell et al. (2016) and Opal Fields—Lightning Ridge Region map produced by the NSW Department of Mineral Resources, respectively. Stratigraphy based on Toslini, McLoughlin & Drinnan (1999) and Cook, Bryan & Draper (2013). Ornithopod silhouette created by Caleb M. Brown and used under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported license.

Stratigraphy, Tremp Formation in Spain.

Stratigraphy, Tremp Formation in Spain.

Magnoavipes sp. - dinosaur track from the Cretaceous of Colorado, USA. (replica; public display, Red Rocks Amphitheater visitor center, west of Denver, Colorado, USA) Dinosaur Ridge, Colorado has numerous dinosaur fossils, including bones and tracks. The most common track type at the site is Caririchnium leonardii, which was made by an iguanodontid dinosaur. A less common track is this - a slender, three-toed print called Magnoavipes, which was made by a theropod dinosaur. Stratigraphy: Dakota Sandstone, upper Lower Cretaceous Provenance: eastern side of Dinosaur Ridge, Dakota Hogback, west of Denver, north-central Colorado, USA

Coelophysis bauri (Cope, 1887) theropod dinosaur from the Triassic of New Mexico, USA. This is a remarkable complete skeleton of the small early theropod Coelophysis. It comes from a nearly monospecific concentration of numerous complete to disarticulated skeletons in reddish-colored fluvial siltstones, often called a "Coelophysis graveyard". This occurrence has been interpreted as a carcass-jammed channel filling following mass mortality of dinosaurs by regional drought (see Schwartz & Gillette, 1994). Stratigraphy: Rock Point Member, Chinle Formation, Upper Triassic Locality: Whitaker Quarry (Coelophysis Quarry), Ghost Ranch, Rio Arriba County, northern New Mexico, USA Some info. from: Hunt, A.P. & S.G. Lucas. 1991. Rioarribasaurus, a new name for a Late Triassic dinosaur from New Mexico (USA). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 65: 191-198. Schwartz, H.L. & D.D. Gillette. 1994. Geology and taphonomy of the Coelophysis Quarry, Upper Triassic Chinle Formation, Ghost Ranch, New Mexico. Journal of Paleontology 68: 1118-1130. Theropod were small to large, bipedal dinosaurs. Almost all known members of the group were carnivorous (predators and/or scavengers). They represent the ancestral group to the birds, and some theropods are known to have had feathers. Some of the most well known dinosaurs to the general public are theropods, such as Tyrannosaurus, Allosaurus, and Spinosaurus.

Coelophysis bauri (Cope, 1887) theropod dinosaur from the Triassic of New Mexico, USA. This is a remarkable complete skeleton of the small early theropod Coelophysis. It comes from a nearly monospecific concentration of numerous complete to disarticulated skeletons in reddish-colored fluvial siltstones, often called a "Coelophysis graveyard". This occurrence has been interpreted as a carcass-jammed channel filling following mass mortality of dinosaurs by regional drought (see Schwartz & Gillette, 1994). Stratigraphy: Rock Point Member, Chinle Formation, Upper Triassic Locality: Whitaker Quarry (Coelophysis Quarry), Ghost Ranch, Rio Arriba County, northern New Mexico, USA Some info. from: Hunt, A.P. & S.G. Lucas. 1991. Rioarribasaurus, a new name for a Late Triassic dinosaur from New Mexico (USA). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 65: 191-198. Schwartz, H.L. & D.D. Gillette. 1994. Geology and taphonomy of the Coelophysis Quarry, Upper Triassic Chinle Formation, Ghost Ranch, New Mexico. Journal of Paleontology 68: 1118-1130. Theropod were small to large, bipedal dinosaurs. Almost all known members of the group were carnivorous (predators and/or scavengers). They represent the ancestral group to the birds, and some theropods are known to have had feathers. Some of the most well known dinosaurs to the general public are theropods, such as Tyrannosaurus, Allosaurus, and Spinosaurus.

Coelophysis bauri (Cope, 1887) theropod dinosaur from the Triassic of New Mexico, USA. This is a remarkable complete skeleton of the small early theropod Coelophysis. It comes from a nearly monospecific concentration of numerous complete to disarticulated skeletons in reddish-colored fluvial siltstones, often called a "Coelophysis graveyard". This occurrence has been interpreted as a carcass-jammed channel filling following mass mortality of dinosaurs by regional drought (see Schwartz & Gillette, 1994). Stratigraphy: Rock Point Member, Chinle Formation, Upper Triassic Locality: Whitaker Quarry (Coelophysis Quarry), Ghost Ranch, Rio Arriba County, northern New Mexico, USA Some info. from: Hunt, A.P. & S.G. Lucas. 1991. Rioarribasaurus, a new name for a Late Triassic dinosaur from New Mexico (USA). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 65: 191-198. Schwartz, H.L. & D.D. Gillette. 1994. Geology and taphonomy of the Coelophysis Quarry, Upper Triassic Chinle Formation, Ghost Ranch, New Mexico. Journal of Paleontology 68: 1118-1130. Theropod were small to large, bipedal dinosaurs. Almost all known members of the group were carnivorous (predators and/or scavengers). They represent the ancestral group to the birds, and some theropods are known to have had feathers. Some of the most well known dinosaurs to the general public are theropods, such as Tyrannosaurus, Allosaurus, and Spinosaurus.

Coelophysis bauri (Cope, 1887) theropod dinosaur from the Triassic of New Mexico, USA. This is a remarkable complete skeleton of the small early theropod Coelophysis. It comes from a nearly monospecific concentration of numerous complete to disarticulated skeletons in reddish-colored fluvial siltstones, often called a "Coelophysis graveyard". This occurrence has been interpreted as a carcass-jammed channel filling following mass mortality of dinosaurs by regional drought (see Schwartz & Gillette, 1994). Stratigraphy: Rock Point Member, Chinle Formation, Upper Triassic Locality: Whitaker Quarry (Coelophysis Quarry), Ghost Ranch, Rio Arriba County, northern New Mexico, USA Some info. from: Hunt, A.P. & S.G. Lucas. 1991. Rioarribasaurus, a new name for a Late Triassic dinosaur from New Mexico (USA). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 65: 191-198. Schwartz, H.L. & D.D. Gillette. 1994. Geology and taphonomy of the Coelophysis Quarry, Upper Triassic Chinle Formation, Ghost Ranch, New Mexico. Journal of Paleontology 68: 1118-1130. Theropod were small to large, bipedal dinosaurs. Almost all known members of the group were carnivorous (predators and/or scavengers). They represent the ancestral group to the birds, and some theropods are known to have had feathers. Some of the most well known dinosaurs to the general public are theropods, such as Tyrannosaurus, Allosaurus, and Spinosaurus.

Coelophysis bauri (Cope, 1887) theropod dinosaur from the Triassic of New Mexico, USA. This is a remarkable complete skeleton of the small early theropod Coelophysis. It comes from a nearly monospecific concentration of numerous complete to disarticulated skeletons in reddish-colored fluvial siltstones, often called a "Coelophysis graveyard". This occurrence has been interpreted as a carcass-jammed channel filling following mass mortality of dinosaurs by regional drought (see Schwartz & Gillette, 1994). Stratigraphy: Rock Point Member, Chinle Formation, Upper Triassic Locality: Whitaker Quarry (Coelophysis Quarry), Ghost Ranch, Rio Arriba County, northern New Mexico, USA Some info. from: Hunt, A.P. & S.G. Lucas. 1991. Rioarribasaurus, a new name for a Late Triassic dinosaur from New Mexico (USA). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 65: 191-198. Schwartz, H.L. & D.D. Gillette. 1994. Geology and taphonomy of the Coelophysis Quarry, Upper Triassic Chinle Formation, Ghost Ranch, New Mexico. Journal of Paleontology 68: 1118-1130. Theropod were small to large, bipedal dinosaurs. Almost all known members of the group were carnivorous (predators and/or scavengers). They represent the ancestral group to the birds, and some theropods are known to have had feathers. Some of the most well known dinosaurs to the general public are theropods, such as Tyrannosaurus, Allosaurus, and Spinosaurus.

Caririchnium leonardii - dinosaur track from the Cretaceous of Colorado, USA. (replica; public display, Red Rocks Amphitheater visitor center, west of Denver, Colorado, USA) Dinosaur Ridge, Colorado has numerous dinosaur fossils, including bones and tracks. The most common track type at the site is Caririchnium leonardii, which was made by an iguanodontid dinosaur. The large, wide, three-toed print was produced by a hindfoot. Stratigraphy: Dakota Sandstone, upper Lower Cretaceous Provenance: eastern side of Dinosaur Ridge, Dakota Hogback, west of Denver, north-central Colorado, USA

Camarasaurus lentus (Marsh, 1889) sauropod dinosaur from the Jurassic of Utah, USA (public display, CM 11338, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA). This is a near-complete juvenile sauropod dinosaur in the original fluvial sandstone matrix - such skeletons are extremely rare. Classification: Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata, Dinosauria, Sauropodomorpha, Camarasauridae Stratigraphy: Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Upper Jurassic, 151 Ma Locality: Carnegie Quarry, Dinosaur National Monument, northeastern Utah, USA Sauropod dinosaurs were the largest terrestrial animals ever. They all have the same basic body plan: large body with four walking legs, very long neck & tail, and a small head relative to body size. Sauropods were herbivores, and are often perceived as holding their heads & necks up high to reach vegetation normally out of reach to other organisms. Modern reconstructions of many sauropod species depict them with heads and necks held close to the horizontal, or at low angles above the horizontal.

Camarasaurus lentus (Marsh, 1889) sauropod dinosaur from the Jurassic of Utah, USA (public display, CM 11338, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA). This is a near-complete juvenile sauropod dinosaur in the original fluvial sandstone matrix - such skeletons are extremely rare. Classification: Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata, Dinosauria, Sauropodomorpha, Camarasauridae Stratigraphy: Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Upper Jurassic, 151 Ma Locality: Carnegie Quarry, Dinosaur National Monument, northeastern Utah, USA Sauropod dinosaurs were the largest terrestrial animals ever. They all have the same basic body plan: large body with four walking legs, very long neck & tail, and a small head relative to body size. Sauropods were herbivores, and are often perceived as holding their heads & necks up high to reach vegetation normally out of reach to other organisms. Modern reconstructions of many sauropod species depict them with heads and necks held close to the horizontal, or at low angles above the horizontal.

Camarasaurus lentus (Marsh, 1889) sauropod dinosaur from the Jurassic of Utah, USA (public display, CM 11338, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA). This is a near-complete juvenile sauropod dinosaur in the original fluvial sandstone matrix - such skeletons are extremely rare. Classification: Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata, Dinosauria, Sauropodomorpha, Camarasauridae Stratigraphy: Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Upper Jurassic, 151 Ma Locality: Carnegie Quarry, Dinosaur National Monument, northeastern Utah, USA Sauropod dinosaurs were the largest terrestrial animals ever. They all have the same basic body plan: large body with four walking legs, very long neck & tail, and a small head relative to body size. Sauropods were herbivores, and are often perceived as holding their heads & necks up high to reach vegetation normally out of reach to other organisms. Modern reconstructions of many sauropod species depict them with heads and necks held close to the horizontal, or at low angles above the horizontal.

Camarasaurus lentus (Marsh, 1889) sauropod dinosaur from the Jurassic of Utah, USA (public display, CM 11338, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA). This is a near-complete juvenile sauropod dinosaur in the original fluvial sandstone matrix - such skeletons are extremely rare. Classification: Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata, Dinosauria, Sauropodomorpha, Camarasauridae Stratigraphy: Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Upper Jurassic, 151 Ma Locality: Carnegie Quarry, Dinosaur National Monument, northeastern Utah, USA Sauropod dinosaurs were the largest terrestrial animals ever. They all have the same basic body plan: large body with four walking legs, very long neck & tail, and a small head relative to body size. Sauropods were herbivores, and are often perceived as holding their heads & necks up high to reach vegetation normally out of reach to other organisms. Modern reconstructions of many sauropod species depict them with heads and necks held close to the horizontal, or at low angles above the horizontal.