Galerie d'images
Toutes les images de la base — taxons, formations et intervalles géologiques.
⚠ La fonctionnalité de récupération des images est en cours de test, des images non pertinentes peuvent apparaître.
4,274 image(s)
Protoceratops andrewsi skeleton at Carnegie Museum of Natural History.
A, Akmechetosauropus makhkamovi (redrawn from [56]); B, Amblydactylus gethingi (redrawn from [8]); C, Amblydactylus kortmeyeri (redrawn from [57]); D, Apulosauripus federicianus (redrawn from [62]); E, Babatagosauropus bulini (redrawn from [56]); F, Bonaparteichnium tali (redrawn from [66]); G, Brachyguanodonipus prejanensis (redrawn from [68]); H, Camptosaurichnus fasolae (redrawn from [70]); I, Camptosauropus vialovi (redrawn from [74]); J, Caririchnium magnificum (redrawn from [11]); K, Caririchnium leonardii (redrawn from [76]); L-M, Caririchnium protohadrosaurichnos (redrawn from [78]); N, Caririchnium lotus (redrawn from [81]); O, Caririchnium kyoungsookimi (redrawn from [80]); P, Gigantoshiraminesauropus matsuoi (redrawn from [82]); Q, Gypsichnites pacensis (redrawn from [8]); R, Hadrosaurichnoides igeensis (redrawn from [92]); S, Hadrosaurichnus australis (redrawn from [93]); T, Hadrosaurichnus titicaensis (redrawn from [96]); U, Hadrosauripeda hauboldi (redrawn from [98]); V, Hadrosauropodus langstoni (redrawn from [24]); W, Hadrosauropodus nanxiongensis (redrawn from [99]); X, Iguanodonichnus frenkii (redrawn from [70]); Y, Iguanodonipus cuadrupedae (redrawn from [68]).
A, Akmechetosauropus makhkamovi (redrawn from [56]); B, Amblydactylus gethingi (redrawn from [8]); C, Amblydactylus kortmeyeri (redrawn from [57]); D, Apulosauripus federicianus (redrawn from [62]); E, Babatagosauropus bulini (redrawn from [56]); F, Bonaparteichnium tali (redrawn from [66]); G, Brachyguanodonipus prejanensis (redrawn from [68]); H, Camptosaurichnus fasolae (redrawn from [70]); I, Camptosauropus vialovi (redrawn from [74]); J, Caririchnium magnificum (redrawn from [11]); K, Caririchnium leonardii (redrawn from [76]); L-M, Caririchnium protohadrosaurichnos (redrawn from [78]); N, Caririchnium lotus (redrawn from [81]); O, Caririchnium kyoungsookimi (redrawn from [80]); P, Gigantoshiraminesauropus matsuoi (redrawn from [82]); Q, Gypsichnites pacensis (redrawn from [8]); R, Hadrosaurichnoides igeensis (redrawn from [92]); S, Hadrosaurichnus australis (redrawn from [93]); T, Hadrosaurichnus titicaensis (redrawn from [96]); U, Hadrosauripeda hauboldi (redrawn from [98]); V, Hadrosauropodus langstoni (redrawn from [24]); W, Hadrosauropodus nanxiongensis (redrawn from [99]); X, Iguanodonichnus frenkii (redrawn from [70]); Y, Iguanodonipus cuadrupedae (redrawn from [68]).
A, Akmechetosauropus makhkamovi (redrawn from [56]); B, Amblydactylus gethingi (redrawn from [8]); C, Amblydactylus kortmeyeri (redrawn from [57]); D, Apulosauripus federicianus (redrawn from [62]); E, Babatagosauropus bulini (redrawn from [56]); F, Bonaparteichnium tali (redrawn from [66]); G, Brachyguanodonipus prejanensis (redrawn from [68]); H, Camptosaurichnus fasolae (redrawn from [70]); I, Camptosauropus vialovi (redrawn from [74]); J, Caririchnium magnificum (redrawn from [11]); K, Caririchnium leonardii (redrawn from [76]); L-M, Caririchnium protohadrosaurichnos (redrawn from [78]); N, Caririchnium lotus (redrawn from [81]); O, Caririchnium kyoungsookimi (redrawn from [80]); P, Gigantoshiraminesauropus matsuoi (redrawn from [82]); Q, Gypsichnites pacensis (redrawn from [8]); R, Hadrosaurichnoides igeensis (redrawn from [92]); S, Hadrosaurichnus australis (redrawn from [93]); T, Hadrosaurichnus titicaensis (redrawn from [96]); U, Hadrosauripeda hauboldi (redrawn from [98]); V, Hadrosauropodus langstoni (redrawn from [24]); W, Hadrosauropodus nanxiongensis (redrawn from [99]); X, Iguanodonichnus frenkii (redrawn from [70]); Y, Iguanodonipus cuadrupedae (redrawn from [68]).
Diversity of Marginocephalians. Psittacosaurus, Pachycephalosaurus, Protoceratops, Triceratops, Stegoceras and Prenoceratops.
A map showing the distribution of paraves in Late Jurassic with the respective paleogeographic setting.
A map showing the distribution of paraves in Late Cretaceous with the respective paleogeographic setting.
A map showing the distribution of paraves in Early Cretaceous with respective paleogeographic setting.
Foto und Schema von Schädel und Zahnverteilung, Chromeornis funkyi (Bildausschnitt)
Diaorama of various paravians, including taxidermied emu and cockatiels, plus Deinonychus reconstruction
A diagram showing the diversification of avialans before and after the K-Pg boundary.
Computertomographische verschluckter Steinchen durch Chromeornis funkyi (Bildausschnitt)
The "dromaeo-avemorphs", as they are informally known (Paul, 2002), represent a group of early paravian theropods with asymmetrical feathers and an Archaeopteryx-like body. According to Hartman et al. (2019), the animals shown in this image might, together, form a clade (monophyletic group) without modern birds.
Diuqin is an unenlagiine dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of what is now Argentina. Unenlagiines, known exclusively from South America, are usually classified as dromaeosaurs though this is sometimes debated. Like dromaeosaurs, they were covered in feathers, carnivorous, and had the large sickle-like claw on the inner toe of each foot. Unique to unenlagiines is their elongated snout, suggesting a piscivorous diet. Diuqin was a medium-sized unenlagiine, at about 4 m in length.
Figure 1. Evolution of macroecological traits in Dinosauria. Large scale event in dinosaur evolution (a); the origin of dinosaurs (star), hyperthermals (volcano), the earliest fossil Avialae (bird), the earliest fossil angiosperm (flower), the Cretaceous/Palaeogene mass extinction (asteroid). Phylogeny of dinosaurs (b) redrawn from Sereno and adapted to the current consensus and upon which an ancestral state reconstruction of temperature niche (mean annual temperature) after Chiarenza et al. is plotted; Mesozoic palaeogeographies (c) for Triassic (T), Jurassic (J) and Cretaceous (K). Silhouette colours symbolize body mass for each of the taxa represented; information on dietary habits are plotted after Barrett and Zanno & Makovicky; numbers represent clades discussed through this study: 1, Ornithischia; 2, Thyreophora; 3, Ornithopoda; 4, Hadrosauroidea; 5, Marginocephalia; 6, Ceratopsia; 7, Saurischia; 8, Sauropodomorpha; 9, Sauropoda; 10, Theropoda; 11, Ceratosauria; 12, Tetanurae; 13, Coelurosauria; 14, Maniraptoriformes; 15, Maniraptora; 16, Deinonychosauria; 17, Avialae; 18, Ornithothoraces. Palaeogeographies modified from original plots via R package ‘mapast’ using plate models by Scotese.
Representative taxa from the Santonian Iharkút fauna from the Csehbánya Formation, Bakony Mountains, western Hungary. A Pannoniasaurus inexpectatus (Squamata, Mosasauroidea), dorsal vertebra (MTM uncatalogued) in dorsal view (photo by Réka Kalmár) B Foxemys trabanti (Pleurodira, Bothremydidae), skull (MTM V 2010.215.1.) in dorsal view (photo by Márton Rabi). C Bicuspidon aff. hatzegiensis (Squamata, Borioteiioidea), left dentary (MTM 2006.112.1.) in medial view (photo by László Makádi) D Basal tetanuran (Theropoda, Tetanurae), tooth (MTM V.01.54) in ?lingual view E Indeterminate abelisaurid (Theropoda, Abelisauridae), pedal ungual phalanx (MTM V 2008.43.1.) in lateral view F Pneumatoraptor fodori (Theropoda, Paraves), left scapulocoracoid (holotype, MTM V 2008.38.1.) in lateral view G Mochlodon vorosi (Ornithopoda, Rhabdodontidae), left dentary (holotype, MTM V 2010.105.1) in lateral view H Bakonydraco galaczi (Pterosauria, Azhdarchidae), mandible (holotype, MTM 2007.110.1) in dorsal view I Iharkutosuchus makadii (Eusuchia, Hylaeochampsidae), skull (holotype, MTM 2006.52.1) in dorsal view J Hungarosaurus tormai (Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae), right dentary (MTM 2007.25.2) in lateral view K Bauxitornis mindszentyae (Aves, Enantiornithes), left tarsometatarsus (holotype, MTM V 2009.38.1) in anterior view L Ajkaceratops kozmai (Ceratopsia), fused rostral and premaxillae (holotype, MTM V 2009.192.1) in lateral view. Scale bars: 2 cm in A, V, G, H, I, J; 1 cm in D, E, F, K, L; 1 mm in C.
Chinzorig et al. (2017)に掲載された、コエルロサウルス類内におけるエピオルニトミムスの類縁関係を示す厳密合意樹
Diagram illustrating the "Temporal paradox" in paleontology. First given it's nickname by Alan Feduccia, the paradox is made up by the fact that almost all feathered dinosaurs are dated to have lived millions of years after Archaeopteryx, the oldest bird (late Jurassic, believed to have existed about 150 million years ago). Only a few of the feathered dinosaurs/birdlike dinosaurs are given an older date than Archaeopteryx.
Composite figure of various feathered maniraptorans: Archaeopteryx, Anchiornis, Microraptor and Zhenyuanlong
Montage of eight different representatives of coelurosaurian dinosaurs: (Clockwise from upper left) GIN 100/42 which may represent Citipati or a different oviraptorosaur, Sinosauropteryx prima, Nothronychus mckinleyi, Tyrannosaurus rex, Bambiraptor feinbergi, Passer domesticus, Struthiomimus altus, Microraptor gui. This is a collection of eight different works already found in Wikimedia Commons (see source field below).
Simplified cladogram of Dinosauria with the distribution of feathers according to the fossil record. Despite its more ancient origin, it was only in maniraptoriformes that modern-type feathers (pennaceous feathers) have arisen (Based in Xu & Guo, 2009; Clarke, 2013; Godefroit et al., 2013; Han et al., 2014; Koshchowitz et al., 2014).
A family tree, showing the phylogenetic position of Carnosauria genera.
A collage of four carnosaurs: Yangchuanosaurus (or possibly Sinraptor), Acrocanthosaurus, Concavenator, Allosaurus, Torvosaurus, Suchomimus
Phylogram and comparison of body size optimization across Allosauroidea. Constructed from the trees recovered by (A) EAC, the present analysis. Silhouettes are to scale according to measurements listed in Table 6.
Reconstruction of the theropod dinosaur Tachiraptor admirabilis. Artwork created with graphite and colored pencils. Author: Edwin Chávez "Disfrasaurio".
Ceratosaurus nasicornis reconstruction. Matches proportions shown in Gregory S. Paul (The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs, 2010, p. 84)
Cast of Ceratosaurus from the Cleveland Lloyd Quarry, Utah, on display at the Natural History Museum of Utah, Salt Lake City.
Sketch-drawing of the vertebrate faunal assemblage of the Lisowice site (modified from Niedźwiedzki)10. (a) Large, theropod-like predatory archosaur (Smok wawelski); (b) large temnospondyl amphibian (Cyclotosaurus sp.); (c) small predatory dinosaurs (Neotheropoda indet.); (d) temnospondyl amphibian (Gerrothorax sp.); (e) small basal crocodylomorph (Crocodylomorpha indet.); (f) small diapsid (Choristodere-like animal); (g) hybodont sharks (Polyacrodus and Hybodus); (h) coelacanth fish; (i) dipnoan fish (Ptychoceratodus sp.); (j) actinopterygian fish; (k) gigantic dicynodont; (l) dinosauriforms or early dinosaurs (Dinosauriformes indet. or Dinosauria indet.); (m) small lepidosauromorphs (Sphenodontia indet.); (n) pterosaurs (Pterosauria indet.); (o) early mammaliaform (Hallautherium sp.).
Restoration of Early Jurassic environment preserved at the SGDS, with the theropod Dilophosaurus wetherilli in bird-like resting pose, demonstrating the manufacture of SGDS.18.T1 resting trace.
Photographer: User:Ballista Edited in Adobe PhotoShop: User:Firsfron Photographed object is in fact a cast of a real fossil. It's part of a hands-on exhibit of the NHM in London.
A photograph of Coelophysis bauri taken at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science in 2007.
Diagram made to illustrate the debate over the hands of theropod dinosaurs and their alleged descendants, the birds ( Aves ). In the last years, the difference between the hands of theropods and birds have been an important thing when it comes question the theory that birds evolved from dinosaurs, even though some scientists may could refute it. In the diagram, a Neotheropoda ( 1 ), basal tetanurae ( 2 ), a coelurosaurian ( 3 ), the bird (?)Archaeopteryx ( 4 ) and modern bird ( 5 ). In 1997, birdexpert Alan Feduccia at University of North Carolina discovered that birds develop hands with the digits II, III and IV ( see The Cincinnati Enquirer, 25 - 10 - 1997 ). This is in contrast with the hands of tetanurae, which seems to have the digits I, II and III. This make it almost impossible for dinosaurs and birds to be closely related, according to Feduccia. Since the discovery by Feduccia, scientific research have came up with a possible explanation to the mystery of the dinosaur - bird hand difference, called The frame shift hypothesis ( see http://scienceblogs.com/tetrapodzoology/2009/06/limusaurus_is_awesome.php ). This hypothesis is based on a discovery which shows that although bird embryos develop the fingers II, III and IV, the genes which is coding for the external appearance of the digits seems to be from the fingers I, II and III. Based on this, scientists belive this: when neotheropods evolved into tetanurae, the losed digit I ( not digit IV, as earlier suggested ). During this process, the genes which coded for how the digits should looks like ( the number of phalanges, for example ) became refurnished ( see the color spots in th upper section in the diagram to understan ). The discovery of Limusaurus has been said to support this theory ( see https://www.livescience.com/animals/090617-dinosaur-hands.html ). One thing is that may can be used to refute that Limusaurus should support the Frame shift hypothesis is that Limusaurus was a ceratosaurian, and is dated to be much younger than the oldest tetanurae's. Also, some tetanure´s may had 4 digits' like the Archaeornithomimus ( see number 4 in the diagram ) ( see also http://dml.cmnh.org/1998Oct/msg00443.html and the Allosaurus hand in the image here: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Allosaurus-mounted.jpg ). If this is the digits I, II, III and IV. If so, it shows that tetanurae had the digits I, II and III, and not II, II and IV, like birds. For more in this debate, see text section to my picture Raptor-Archaeopteryx-bird hands differens.JPG at http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Raptor-Archaeopteryx-bird_hands_differens.JPG.
Acrocanthosaurus, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences.
*Row 1: Sinosauropteryx prima, Cryolophosaurus ellioti, Vultur gryphus Row 2: Gypaetus barbatus, Concavenator corcovatus, Carnotaurus sastrei Row 3: Deinocheirus mirificus & Tarbosaurus bataar, Balaeniceps rex, Archaeopteryx lithographica & Compsognathus longipes Row 4: Anchiornis huxleyi, Dakotaraptor steini & Ornithomimus, Nanuqsaurus hoglundi, Passer domesticus Row 5: Spinosaurus aegyptiacus, Bubo scandiacus & Anas rubripes, Coelophysis kayentakatae
Cladogram of amniotes. Based on File:Cladogram Amniota A.jpg
Cladogram of amniotes. Based on File:Cladogram Amniota A.jpg
Cladogram of amniotes. Based on File:Cladogram Amniota A.jpg
Cladogram of amniotes. Based on File:Cladogram Amniota A.jpg
Cladogram of amniotes. Based on File:Cladogram Amniota A.jpg
Cladogram of amniotes. Based on File:Cladogram Amniota A.jpg
Cladogram of the former "Reptilia" (red)
Cladogram of the former "Reptilia" (red)
Cladogram of the former "Reptilia" (red)
Cladogram of the former "Reptilia" (red)