←

scale

Anatomical part

217 image(s) · 21 News

Image gallery

Diamantinasaurus matildae gen. et sp. nov. (AODF 603)
A. Right side
B. Left side
(both silhouettes with sketched in bone parts of the material currently known at publishing date; scale bars: 5 x 5 = 25 m; complemented with height data here)
Taxa Diamantinasaurus

Diamantinasaurus matildae gen. et sp. nov. (AODF 603) A. Right side B. Left side (both silhouettes with sketched in bone parts of the material currently known at publishing date; scale bars: 5 x 5 = 25 m; complemented with height data here)

bone scale museum Diamantinasauria +1
* Wintonotitan wattsi gen. et sp. nov. (QMF 7292)
(Silhouette with sketched in bone parts of the material currently known at publishing date; scale bar: size unknown — not mentioned in original source)
Taxa Wintonotitan

* Wintonotitan wattsi gen. et sp. nov. (QMF 7292) (Silhouette with sketched in bone parts of the material currently known at publishing date; scale bar: size unknown — not mentioned in original source)

bone scale museum Dinosauria +1
Holotype material of Aegyptosaurus, based on plates in Stromer 1932. Scale bar = 1 meter
Taxa Aegyptosaurus

Holotype material of Aegyptosaurus, based on plates in Stromer 1932. Scale bar = 1 meter

scale holotype Aegyptosaurus
MSNVE 3714, Ouranosaurus nigeriensis.

The mounted specimen as exhibited today at the MSNVE. For scale, the right femur is 920 mm long.
Taxa Ouranosaurus

MSNVE 3714, Ouranosaurus nigeriensis. The mounted specimen as exhibited today at the MSNVE. For scale, the right femur is 920 mm long.

scale specimen Ouranosaurus
Cranial remains of Arthropterygius chrisorum CCMGE 17–44/13328 (A–J) and PMO 222.669 (L, M).

(A, B) Right postfrontal in ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views. (C) Left lateral view on articulated postfrontal, prefrontal and nasal. (D) Left prefrontal in ventral view. (E, F) Right prefrontal in ventral (E) and dorsal (F) views. (G, H) left nasal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. (I, J) Left jugal in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. (K) Cranial reconstruction, showing the depicted elements (colored). (L, M) oblique dorsal view and interpretation of sutures of the skull roof of PMO 222.669. Abbreviations: ffr, facet for the frontal; fnas, facet of the nasal; fpo, facet for the postorbital; fpref, facet for the prefrontal; fqj, facet for the quadratojugal; fsut, facet for the supratemporal; lw, lateral wing of the nasal lamella; nas, nasal; par, parietal; pf, parietal foramen; pref, prefrontal; sut, supratemporal. Both scale bars represent 10 cm.
Taxa Arthropterygius

Cranial remains of Arthropterygius chrisorum CCMGE 17–44/13328 (A–J) and PMO 222.669 (L, M). (A, B) Right postfrontal in ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views. (C) Left lateral view on articulated postfrontal, prefrontal and nasal. (D) Left prefrontal in ventral view. (E, F) Right prefrontal in ventral (E) and dorsal (F) views. (G, H) left nasal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. (I, J) Left jugal in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. (K) Cranial reconstruction, showing the depicted elements (colored). (L, M) oblique dorsal view and interpretation of sutures of the skull roof of PMO 222.669. Abbreviations: ffr, facet for the frontal; fnas, facet of the nasal; fpo, facet for the postorbital; fpref, facet for the prefrontal; fqj, facet for the quadratojugal; fsut, facet for the supratemporal; lw, lateral wing of the nasal lamella; nas, nasal; par, parietal; pf, parietal foramen; pref, prefrontal; sut, supratemporal. Both scale bars represent 10 cm.

scale Arthropterygius skull
Ornithocheirus simus. A–D holotype CAMSM B54428 (Albian, Cambridge Greensand), anterior part of the rostrum A left lateral view B respective line drawing C ventral view D respective line drawing E–H referred specimen CAMSM B54552 (Albian, Cambridge Greensand), anterior part of the rostrum E anterior view F respective line drawing G left lateral view H respective line drawing. Abbreviations: m – maxillae, pm – premaxillae. Arrows and numbers indicate alveoli or teeth and their respective position. Scale bar = 10 mm.
Taxa Ornithocheirus

Ornithocheirus simus. A–D holotype CAMSM B54428 (Albian, Cambridge Greensand), anterior part of the rostrum A left lateral view B respective line drawing C ventral view D respective line drawing E–H referred specimen CAMSM B54552 (Albian, Cambridge Greensand), anterior part of the rostrum E anterior view F respective line drawing G left lateral view H respective line drawing. Abbreviations: m – maxillae, pm – premaxillae. Arrows and numbers indicate alveoli or teeth and their respective position. Scale bar = 10 mm.

scale drawing Albian holotype +2
Reconstruction and restoration of the skull of Eolambia.

(A) Skull reconstruction of Eolambia in left lateral view by the lead author. Bones in white are unknown, bones in dark grey are based primarily upon the adult holotype (CEUM 9758) or paratype (CEUM 5212), and bones in light grey are based primarily upon juvenile elements from the Eo2 and WS8 bonebeds. Sutures and points of contact between bones are marked in black. Scale bar equals 10 cm; scale is calibrated with the dentary of CEUM 9758. (B) Life restoration of the head of Eolambia by Lukas Panzarin. Abbreviations: an, angular; d, dentary; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; mx, maxilla; na, nasal; pd, predentary; pmx, premaxilla; po, postorbital; prf, prefrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sa, surangular; sq, squamosal.
Taxa Eolambia

Reconstruction and restoration of the skull of Eolambia. (A) Skull reconstruction of Eolambia in left lateral view by the lead author. Bones in white are unknown, bones in dark grey are based primarily upon the adult holotype (CEUM 9758) or paratype (CEUM 5212), and bones in light grey are based primarily upon juvenile elements from the Eo2 and WS8 bonebeds. Sutures and points of contact between bones are marked in black. Scale bar equals 10 cm; scale is calibrated with the dentary of CEUM 9758. (B) Life restoration of the head of Eolambia by Lukas Panzarin. Abbreviations: an, angular; d, dentary; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; mx, maxilla; na, nasal; pd, predentary; pmx, premaxilla; po, postorbital; prf, prefrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sa, surangular; sq, squamosal.

bone scale holotype juvenile +2
CMN 50791, mid-cervical vertebra (C6) of Sigilmassasaurus brevicollis.

(A) posterior view; (B) anterior view; (C) ventral view; (D) dorsal view; (E) right lateral view; (F) left lateral view. Abbreviations: cpf, central pneumatic foramen; epi, epipophyses; iprl, interprezygapophyseal lamina; ns, neural spine; poz, postzygapophysis; pp, parapophysis; prz, prezygapophysis; tp, transverse process; vtp, ventral triangular plateau. Scale bar equals 10 cm.
Taxa Sigilmassasaurus

CMN 50791, mid-cervical vertebra (C6) of Sigilmassasaurus brevicollis. (A) posterior view; (B) anterior view; (C) ventral view; (D) dorsal view; (E) right lateral view; (F) left lateral view. Abbreviations: cpf, central pneumatic foramen; epi, epipophyses; iprl, interprezygapophyseal lamina; ns, neural spine; poz, postzygapophysis; pp, parapophysis; prz, prezygapophysis; tp, transverse process; vtp, ventral triangular plateau. Scale bar equals 10 cm.

scale vertebra Sigilmassasaurus
Targaryendraco wiedenrothi (formerly ‘Ornithocheirus’), holotype SMNS 56628 (Hauterivian, Engelbostel clay pit, Hannover), anterior part of the mandibular symphysis. A dorsal view B respective line drawing C left lateral view D respective line drawing. Abbreviations: d – dentary, sul – sulcus. Arrows and numbers indicate alveoli or teeth and their respective position. Scale bar = 10 mm.
Taxa Targaryendraconia

Targaryendraco wiedenrothi (formerly ‘Ornithocheirus’), holotype SMNS 56628 (Hauterivian, Engelbostel clay pit, Hannover), anterior part of the mandibular symphysis. A dorsal view B respective line drawing C left lateral view D respective line drawing. Abbreviations: d – dentary, sul – sulcus. Arrows and numbers indicate alveoli or teeth and their respective position. Scale bar = 10 mm.

scale drawing Hauterivian holotype +3
Targaryendraco wiedenrothi (formerly ‘Ornithocheirus’), holotype SMNS 56628 (Hauterivian, Engelbostel clay pit, Hannover), anterior part of the mandibular symphysis. A dorsal view B respective line drawing C left lateral view D respective line drawing. Abbreviations: d – dentary, sul – sulcus. Arrows and numbers indicate alveoli or teeth and their respective position. Scale bar = 10 mm.
Taxa Targaryendraco

Targaryendraco wiedenrothi (formerly ‘Ornithocheirus’), holotype SMNS 56628 (Hauterivian, Engelbostel clay pit, Hannover), anterior part of the mandibular symphysis. A dorsal view B respective line drawing C left lateral view D respective line drawing. Abbreviations: d – dentary, sul – sulcus. Arrows and numbers indicate alveoli or teeth and their respective position. Scale bar = 10 mm.

scale drawing Hauterivian holotype +3
Complete specimen of the Laueropterus vitriolus holotype (LF 6268). The holotype specimen seen under natural light. Major elements are labeled. Abbreviations as follows here and in subsequent figures: ca, caudal vertebra; cp, carpal; cv, cervical vertebrae; dv, dorsal vertebra; fe, femur; hu, humerus; mn, mandible; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanges; pmm, premaxilla-maxilla; pp, prepubis; pt, pteroid; pv, pelvic plate; r, rib; sa, sacrum; sc, scapulocoracoid; sk, skull part; st, sternum; ta, tarsals; ti, tibia; ul, ulna; un, ungual; wpx, wing phalanges; wmc, wing metacarpal. Scale bar = 100 mm.
Taxa Laueropterus

Complete specimen of the Laueropterus vitriolus holotype (LF 6268). The holotype specimen seen under natural light. Major elements are labeled. Abbreviations as follows here and in subsequent figures: ca, caudal vertebra; cp, carpal; cv, cervical vertebrae; dv, dorsal vertebra; fe, femur; hu, humerus; mn, mandible; mt, metatarsal; ph, phalanges; pmm, premaxilla-maxilla; pp, prepubis; pt, pteroid; pv, pelvic plate; r, rib; sa, sacrum; sc, scapulocoracoid; sk, skull part; st, sternum; ta, tarsals; ti, tibia; ul, ulna; un, ungual; wpx, wing phalanges; wmc, wing metacarpal. Scale bar = 100 mm.

humerus scale vertebra holotype +3
Type specimen of Pterodactylus scolopaciceps (BSP AS V 29 a). Scale bar = 20 mm.
Taxa Aerodactylus

Type specimen of Pterodactylus scolopaciceps (BSP AS V 29 a). Scale bar = 20 mm.

scale specimen Aerodactylus Pterodactylus
Silhouette of M.intrepidus showing recovered elements. Isolated indet. tyrannosauroid premaxillary tooth (NCSM 33393) recovered from nearby strata in (d) occlusal, (e) mesiodistal, and (f) lingual views. Holotype specimen of M.intrepidus (NCSM 33392) composed of (g) femur, (h) tibia, (i) fourth metatarsal, (j) second metatarsal, and (k) pedal phalanges of the fourth digit. Scale bar (c) 1 m, (g–k) 5 mm. (d–f) Enlarged to show detail, not to scale
Taxa Moros

Silhouette of M.intrepidus showing recovered elements. Isolated indet. tyrannosauroid premaxillary tooth (NCSM 33393) recovered from nearby strata in (d) occlusal, (e) mesiodistal, and (f) lingual views. Holotype specimen of M.intrepidus (NCSM 33392) composed of (g) femur, (h) tibia, (i) fourth metatarsal, (j) second metatarsal, and (k) pedal phalanges of the fourth digit. Scale bar (c) 1 m, (g–k) 5 mm. (d–f) Enlarged to show detail, not to scale

scale tooth holotype specimen +1
Reconstruction of the Abelisaurus skull with original bones of the holotype. Museo Provincial Carlos Ameghino, Cipolletti, Argentina. Scale = 10 cm
Taxa Abelisaurus

Reconstruction of the Abelisaurus skull with original bones of the holotype. Museo Provincial Carlos Ameghino, Cipolletti, Argentina. Scale = 10 cm

bone scale Argentina holotype +3
Cranium of Yuanmouraptor jinshajiangensis (LFGT-ZLJ0115).
Cranium in (A) left lateral view with (B) labeled drawing and (C) right lateral view with (D) labeled drawing. Abbreviations: an, angular; ar, articular; bs, basisphenoid; d, dentary; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; lsp, laterosphenoid; m, maxilla; n, nasal; ot, otoccipital; prm, premaxilla; pa, parietal; pal, palatine; par, prearticular; po, postorbital; pop, paroccipital process; pr, prootic; prf, prefrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sa, surangular; sp, splenial; so, supraoccipital; sq, squamosal. Striated area indicates damage and grey area indicates matrix. Scale bar represents 100 mm. Photos by Xiao-Chun Wu.
Taxa Yuanmouraptor

Cranium of Yuanmouraptor jinshajiangensis (LFGT-ZLJ0115). Cranium in (A) left lateral view with (B) labeled drawing and (C) right lateral view with (D) labeled drawing. Abbreviations: an, angular; ar, articular; bs, basisphenoid; d, dentary; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; lsp, laterosphenoid; m, maxilla; n, nasal; ot, otoccipital; prm, premaxilla; pa, parietal; pal, palatine; par, prearticular; po, postorbital; pop, paroccipital process; pr, prootic; prf, prefrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sa, surangular; sp, splenial; so, supraoccipital; sq, squamosal. Striated area indicates damage and grey area indicates matrix. Scale bar represents 100 mm. Photos by Xiao-Chun Wu.

scale drawing Yuanmouraptor
L01-HY999, the holotype left femur of Archaeocursor asiaticus (photograph and CT image). (A) anterior view. (B) posterior view. (C) lateral view. (D) medial view. (E) proximal view. (F) distal view. Abbreviations: aig, anterior intercondylar groove; alt, anterolateral tuber; at, anterior trochanter; d, depression; d. CFL, depression for the attachment of M. caudofemoralis longus; d. PIFI, depression for the attachment of M. puboischiofemoralis internus; fh, femoral head; ft, fourth trochanter; gt, greater trochanter; lc, lateral condyle; lg, ligament groove; mc, medial condyle; pbp, posterior boundary of the proximal end; pmt, posteromedial tuber; pof, popliteal fossa; s, suture; sop, summit of the proximal end. Scale bar=30 millimeters.
Taxa Archaeocursor

L01-HY999, the holotype left femur of Archaeocursor asiaticus (photograph and CT image). (A) anterior view. (B) posterior view. (C) lateral view. (D) medial view. (E) proximal view. (F) distal view. Abbreviations: aig, anterior intercondylar groove; alt, anterolateral tuber; at, anterior trochanter; d, depression; d. CFL, depression for the attachment of M. caudofemoralis longus; d. PIFI, depression for the attachment of M. puboischiofemoralis internus; fh, femoral head; ft, fourth trochanter; gt, greater trochanter; lc, lateral condyle; lg, ligament groove; mc, medial condyle; pbp, posterior boundary of the proximal end; pmt, posteromedial tuber; pof, popliteal fossa; s, suture; sop, summit of the proximal end. Scale bar=30 millimeters.

scale holotype Archaeocursor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

News

Exclusive Spinosaurus Scale Drawing Celebrating a New Species
scale drawing Niger Dinosauria Spinosauria Spinosauridae formation new species
Everything Dinosaur has commissioned a Spinosaurus mirabilis scale drawing as the company prepares for the arrival of the new Haolonggood S. mirabilis models.  This illustration will be used in the company's fact sheet about this recently described spinosaurid known from the Farak Formation of Niger (Africa).  Creating the scale drawing for this dinosaur was challenging. 
04/10/2026 everythingdinosaur
Stunning Haolonggood Stegotetrabelodon Model Inspires New Scale Drawing
scale drawing Dinosauria
Everything Dinosaur has commissioned a scale drawing of Stegotetrabelodon in preparation for an exciting new model arrival. The Haolonggood Stegotetrabelodon model is expected in stock next month (October 2026). Moreover, this remarkable prehistoric elephant forms part of the Haolonggood’s expanding “Ancient Witness” range. The new illustration will feature on an Everything Dinosaur Stegotetrabelodon fact sheet.
06/09/2026 everythingdinosaur
New Eofauna Prehistoric Mammal Models in Stock
scale Dinosauria
Everything Dinosaur announces that two, new Eofauna prehistoric mammal models have arrived. The Paraceratherium (P. grangeri) figure and the prehistoric elephant - Anancus arvernensis are now in stock. Both models have a declared scale of 1:35. Two Eofauna Scientific Research models the Paraceratherium grangeri (background) and the Anancus arvernensis (foreground). Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.
02/09/2026 everythingdinosaur
What Scale are Dinosaur Models?
scale Dinosauria
A question we get frequently asked is what scale are dinosaur models? When considering model aircraft, trains or cars this is a relatively simple question to answer. For example, collectors can acquire a scale model of RMS Titanic.  Any declared scale is likely to be accurate as the dimensions of this ocean liner are known. 
29/08/2026 everythingdinosaur
An Exclusive CollectA Deluxe Magnapaulia Model Video
scale Dinosauria Hadrosauria Magnapaulia
Everything Dinosaur has produced a short video highlighting a recently introduced CollectA Deluxe dinosaur model. We have created an exclusive CollectA Deluxe Magnapaulia model video. This impressive hadrosaur figure is in stock and available from Everything Dinosaur. The video provides a close-up view of this remarkable 1:60 scale lambeosaurine. It also highlights some of the
19/08/2026 everythingdinosaur
1 2 3 4 5