écaille

Stelladens, teeth of S. mysteriosus (MHNM.KHG.1436, holotype), in (a,f) labial view, (b,g) lingual view, (c,h) anterior view, (d,i) posterior view, (e,j) occlusal view. Abbreviations: ac = accessory carinae; ca = anterior carina, pc = posterior carina. Scale = 5 cm. Sidi Chennane, Oulad Abdoun Basin, Morocco, Lower Couche III, Maastrichtian.

Holotype specimen of Bellubrunnus BSP XVIII–VFKO–A12. Scale bare 1 cm.

Type material of Dearc (Scale bar 30 mm) A) a photograph of NMS G.2021.6.1, highlighted in white in the illustration; B) a photograph of NMS G.2021.6.2, highlighted in blue in the illustration; C) a photograph of NMS G.2021.6.3, highlighted in orange in the illustration; D) a photograph of NMS G.2021.6.4, highlighted in green in the illustration.

The holotype of Douzhanopterus zhengi gen. et sp. nov. (a) Part of the holotype; (b) close up of the tail, green arrows indicating the anterior and posterior ends of each caudal vertebra; (c) close up of the right foot. Scale bars are 50 mm, 10 mm, and 10 mm in (a,b and c), respectively.

Cuspicephalus scarfi MJMG K1918. A, Original skull on slab of mudstone, Lacking the mandible and dentition; B, outline diagram of preserved bone. Light grey is bone, dark grey is fibrous bone of sagittal crest, black is dental alveoli where unambiguous; C restoration of skull outline, with hypothetical lower jaw. Scale bar = 50 mm. Abbreviation: j, jugal; naof, nasoantorbital fenestra; m, maxilla; o, orbit; pm, premaxilla; q, quadrate; sc, sagittal crest; sq, squamosal; tr np, trace of nasal process.

Positive digital cast of the holotype of the pterosaur Herbstosaurus pigmaeus (CTES-PZ 1711). Abbreviations: gtr, greater trochanter; isp, ischial peduncle; l.fe, left femur; ppush, prepubic shaft; prap, preacetabular process; r.fe, right femur; r.il, right ilium; r.ppu, right prepubis; sr5, sacral rib 5; sv1, sacral vertebra 1. Scale bar equals 2 cm.

Photograph (A) and line drawings (B) of Gladocephaloideus jingangshanensis (JPM 2014–004). Abbreviations: ca, carpals; cr, coracoids; cv, cervical vertebrae; d, dentray; dg, deep groove along the mid-line of the mandibular symphysis; dv, dorsal vertebrae; dr, dorsal ribs; etp, extensor tendon process; f, frontal; fc, fifth carpal; fe, femur; fi, fibula; fin, fingers; h, humerus; il, ilium; m, maxilla; mmttsI-IV, metatrals I-IV; mttv, metatarsal V; nao, nasoantorbital opening; or, orbital; pcr, parietal crest; pm, premaxilla; pt, pteroid; ra, radius; rdl, radiale; sc, scapula; st, sternum; sl, sclerotic rings; t, teeth; tc, tooth sockets; ti, tibia; ul, ulna; wm, wing metacarpal; wph1-4, wing phalanges 1–4. Scale bar = 5 cm.

Pterodactylus sagittirostris, holotype NHMUK PV R 1823 (upper Berriasian / Valangianian, Hastings Group), part of the mandibular rami. A right lateral view B respective line drawing C left lateral view D respective line drawing E ventral view. Abbreviation: d – dentary. Arrows indicate alveoli or teeth. Scale bar = 10 mm. Photos courtesy of The Natural History Museum.

Mimodactylus libanensis gen. et sp. nov. (a) Photo and drawing of the complete specimen. (b) Close up of scapula and coracoid. (c) Detail of the wrist, showing the relation of the pteroid and the carpus. (d) Detail of the humerus. Scale-bars, a: 50 mm; b-d: 10 mm. Abbreviations. car: carpus; cdv: caudal vertebrae; cor: coracoid; cra: cranium; cs: cristospine; cv: cervical vertebrae; d: dentary; dcar: distal carpals; dpc: deltopectoral crest; dri: dorsal ribs; dv: dorsal vertebrae; fe: femur; hu: humerus; man: mandible; mcI-III: first to third metacarpals; mcIV: wing metacarpal; mtar: metatarsals; pcar: proximal carpals; ph1d4: first wing phalanx; ph2d4: second wing phalanx; ph3d4: third wing phalanx; ph4d4: fourth wing phalanx; ppu: prepubis; ptd: pteroid; ra: radius; sca: scapula; sri: sacral ribs; stp: sternal plate; sym: mandibular symphysis; tar: tarsus; te: teeth; ti: tibia; ul: ulna; the abbreviations ‘l’ and ‘r’ represents respectively left and right.

Mimodactylus libanensis gen. et sp. nov. (a) Photo and drawing of the complete specimen. (b) Close up of scapula and coracoid. (c) Detail of the wrist, showing the relation of the pteroid and the carpus. (d) Detail of the humerus. Scale-bars, a: 50 mm; b-d: 10 mm. Abbreviations. car: carpus; cdv: caudal vertebrae; cor: coracoid; cra: cranium; cs: cristospine; cv: cervical vertebrae; d: dentary; dcar: distal carpals; dpc: deltopectoral crest; dri: dorsal ribs; dv: dorsal vertebrae; fe: femur; hu: humerus; man: mandible; mcI-III: first to third metacarpals; mcIV: wing metacarpal; mtar: metatarsals; pcar: proximal carpals; ph1d4: first wing phalanx; ph2d4: second wing phalanx; ph3d4: third wing phalanx; ph4d4: fourth wing phalanx; ppu: prepubis; ptd: pteroid; ra: radius; sca: scapula; sri: sacral ribs; stp: sternal plate; sym: mandibular symphysis; tar: tarsus; te: teeth; ti: tibia; ul: ulna; the abbreviations ‘l’ and ‘r’ represents respectively left and right.

Ferrodraco lentoni gen. et sp. nov. holotype specimen AODF 876. All preserved elements were photographed and scaled to the same size, then articulated where possible. These were then used as the basis for the scaling of the skeletal reconstruction, the missing parts of which were based on the skeletal reconstruction of Tropeognathus mesembrinus by Mark Witton. Scale bar = 50 mm.

Haliskia peterseni gen. et sp. nov., holotype specimen KK F1426. (A) dorsal vertebra, ribs, gastralium, left scapulocoracoid, left and right manual phalanx IV-2, right manual phalanx IV-3, left femur, left tibia, metatarsals and pedal phalanges, (B) mandible, teeth, ceratobranchials, cervical vertebra, rib, gastralium, right syncarpus, right lateral carpal, right pteroid, metacarpals, manual digits, right manual phalanx IV-1, left manual phalanx IV-4, (C) premaxilla with teeth, (D) isolated tooth, (E) isolated tooth, (F) left lateral carpal, (G) left metacarpal IV. Scale bar = 50 mm.

Aralazhdarcho bostobensis, ZIN PH 57/43, a proximal fragment of a left humerus in proximal (a), ventral (b), anterior (c), dorsal (d), and posterior (e) views. This specimen is from the Shakh Shakh II locality in the northeasten Aral Sea region of Kazakhstan; Bostobe Formation, Upper Cretaceous (Santonian – lower Campanian). Abbreviations: h, humeral head; pf, pneumatic foramen; uc, ulnar crest. Scale bar is 10 mm.

Skull of Caiuajara dobruskii gen. et sp. nov. (holotype, CP.V 1449) with the shape of an adult individual. Scale bar equals 50: d, dentary; dcr, dentary crest; dep, depression; exp, ventral expansion of the premaxilla; f, frontal; fcr, frontal crest; fo, foraminae; m, maxilla; oc, occipital condyle; op, opisthotic; p, parietal; pm, premaxilla; pmcr, premaxillary crest; q, quadrate; soc, supraoccipital. The quadrate is inverted.

Mandibular symphyses of Xericeps curvirostris. A–E Holotype FSAC-KK 10700; F–H referred specimen FSAC-KK 5203. A, F In left lateral view; B, G in occlusal view; C, H in ventral view; D, in posterior view and E, in anterior view. Scale bars represent 10 mm. A-C Ammonium chloride coated specimen

Photographs of the holotype of Europejara olcadesorum gen. et sp. nov. (MCCM-LH 9413). (A) Main slab under ultraviolet light. (B) Acid-prepared counterslab. Scale bar: 50 mm.