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Compsognathidae skeletons to scale.

Figure 4 The reconstruction of the skull and lower jaw of the holotype of Darwinopterus camposi sp. nov. (IVPP V 17957). Scale bar: 50 mm. Abbreviations: d, dentary; f, frontal; j, jugal; ltf, lower temporal fenestra; m, maxilla; man.sys, mandibular symphysis; naof, nasoantorbital fenestra; o, orbit; p, parietal; pm, premaxilla; pmcr, premaxillary crest; po, postorbital; prn, nasal process; q, quadrate; sq, squamosal; utf, upper temporal fenestra.

Figure 4 The reconstruction of the skull and lower jaw of the holotype of Darwinopterus camposi sp. nov. (IVPP V 17957). Scale bar: 50 mm. Abbreviations: d, dentary; f, frontal; j, jugal; ltf, lower temporal fenestra; m, maxilla; man.sys, mandibular symphysis; naof, nasoantorbital fenestra; o, orbit; p, parietal; pm, premaxilla; pmcr, premaxillary crest; po, postorbital; prn, nasal process; q, quadrate; sq, squamosal; utf, upper temporal fenestra.

Skeletal reconstruction of Suchomimus tenerensis and Baryonyx walkeri to scale.

Skeletal reconstruction of Suchomimus tenerensis and Baryonyx walkeri to scale.

Australian Mesozoic pterosaurs. A, Aussiedraco molnari (QM F10613; holotype) mandible in dorsal view. Scale = 1 cm. B, Mythunga camara (QM F18896; holotype) partial skull and mandible in left lateral view. Scale = 5 cm. C, Thapunngaka shawi (KK F494; holotype) mandible in left lateral view. Scale = 5 cm. D, Ferrodraco lentoni (AODF 0876; holotype [part]) partial skull and mandible in left lateral view. Scale = 5 cm.

Ceratosaurian theropod Camarillasaurus cirugedae gen. et sp. nov. from the Camarillas Formation of Camarillas, Soria Province, Spain, presacral vertebra, MPG-KPC9, in anterior (A), left lateral (B), and posterior (C) views; possible neural spine tips, MPG1116, 32, 33 in ?posterior (D) and transverse (E) views; and presacral rib MPG-KPC7, in ventral view (F) and detail of its proximal end (G). Scale bars are 10 mm (A-C, G), 20 mm (D-E) and 100 mm (F).

Braincase of Shaochilong maortuensis (IVPP V 2885) in right lateral view. Abbreviations: atr, anterior tympanic recess; cr, cochlear recess; mcv, foramen for the mid-cerebral vein; pr, pneumatic recesses of the dorsal tympanic recess; ptr, posterior tympanic recess. Roman numerals indicate the exits for the trigeminal (V) and facialis (VII) nerve. Scale bar is 2 cm.

Vertebrae, scapula, forelimb bones, and pelvic bones of Martharaptor greenriverensis (UMNH VP 21400). (A)–Partial cervical neural arch, dorsal view. (B–E)–Cranial dorsal centrum in cranial (B), caudal (C), right lateral (D), and left lateral (E) views. (F–G)–Distal caudal centrum in lateral (F) and ventral (G) views. (H)–Possible ulna. (I)–Possible radius. (J–K)–Left scapula in lateral (J) and medial (K) views. (L)–Proximal end of ischium. (M)–Possible distal end of pubis Scale bar = 50 mm. acr  =  acromium process, ar  =  acetabular rim, gl  =  glenoid, hyp  =  hypapophysis, poz  =  postzygapophysis, pnp  =  pneumatopore, prz  =  prezygapophysis.

A) Skull reconstruction of Murusraptor barrosaensis, MCF-PVPH-411. B) Body reconstruction of Murusraptor barrosaensis, MCF-PVPH-411. Both illustrations show recovered elements in white. Scale bars: A = 10 cm, B = 1 m.

A) Skull reconstruction of Murusraptor barrosaensis, MCF-PVPH-411. B) Body reconstruction of Murusraptor barrosaensis, MCF-PVPH-411. Both illustrations show recovered elements in white. Scale bars: A = 10 cm, B = 1 m.

A) Skull reconstruction of Murusraptor barrosaensis, MCF-PVPH-411. B) Body reconstruction of Murusraptor barrosaensis, MCF-PVPH-411. Both illustrations show recovered elements in white. Scale bars: A = 10 cm, B = 1 m.

Skull diagram of Panguraptor lufengensis illustrating known material. Scale bar is 1 cm.

Representative taxa from the early Campanian Muthmannsdorf fauna from the Grünbach Formation, eastern Austria. A Doratodon carcharidens (Mesoeucrocodylia) mandible (PIUW 2349/57) in dorsal view (photo by Márton Rabi) B Indeterminate azhdarchid (Pterosauria, Azhdarchidae), left humerus (PIUW 2349/102) in anterior view C ‘Megalosaurus pannoniensis’ basal tetanuran (Theropoda, Tetanurae), tooth (PIUW uncatalogued) in lateral view D Mochlodon suessi (Ornithopoda, Rhabdodontidae), right dentary (holotype, PIUW 2349/2) in medial view. Scale bars equal 2 cm in A, B and D and 1 cm in C.

Life reconstruction of Lewisuchus admixtus. Human scale removed.

Ahvaytum bahndooiveche scale comparison using Mbiresaurus raathi as reference from Lovelace et al., 2025