Cretaceous

Holotype of Alcione elainus. Fig. 6 of: Longrich, N. R., Martill, D. M., & Andres, B. (2018). Late Maastrichtian pterosaurs from North Africa and mass extinction of Pterosauria at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. PLoS biology, 16(3), e2001663. --- Original figure legend: A. elainus FSAC-OB 2, holotype partial skeleton and FSAC-OB 217, metacarpal IV. (A) Holotype right humerus in anterior view, (B) holotype right ulna and radius in anterior view, respectively, (C) holotype sternum in left lateral view, (D) referred metacarpal IV, (E) holotype, distal end of left metacarpal IV and left scapulocoracoid, and (F) holotype right femur in posterior view. Abbreviations: co, coracoid; cr, cristospine; dc, distal condyle; dpc, deltopectoral crest; ect, ectepicondyle; fh, femoral head; gl, glenoid; gt, greater trochanter; hh, humeral head; hum, humerus; mcIV, metacarpal IV, pc, proximal cotyle; pf, pneumatic foramen; rad, radius; scpr, supracondylar process; ste, sternum; uln, ulna.

Holotype of Alcione elainus. Fig. 6 of: Longrich, N. R., Martill, D. M., & Andres, B. (2018). Late Maastrichtian pterosaurs from North Africa and mass extinction of Pterosauria at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. PLoS biology, 16(3), e2001663. --- Original figure legend: A. elainus FSAC-OB 2, holotype partial skeleton and FSAC-OB 217, metacarpal IV. (A) Holotype right humerus in anterior view, (B) holotype right ulna and radius in anterior view, respectively, (C) holotype sternum in left lateral view, (D) referred metacarpal IV, (E) holotype, distal end of left metacarpal IV and left scapulocoracoid, and (F) holotype right femur in posterior view. Abbreviations: co, coracoid; cr, cristospine; dc, distal condyle; dpc, deltopectoral crest; ect, ectepicondyle; fh, femoral head; gl, glenoid; gt, greater trochanter; hh, humeral head; hum, humerus; mcIV, metacarpal IV, pc, proximal cotyle; pf, pneumatic foramen; rad, radius; scpr, supracondylar process; ste, sternum; uln, ulna.

Illustration of a juvenile Tyrannosaurus rex. Most of this restoration is mostly inspired from the models of 1-year old Tyrannosaurus from the exhibition "T.rex: The Ultimate Predator" at American Museum of Natural History, New York (2019-2021).[1] [2] and the juvenile Tarbosaurus MPC-D 107/7 (2-3 years old at death).[3] References ↑ [1] ↑ [2] ↑ Tsuihiji T et.al (2011). "Cranial osteology of a juvenile specimen of Tarbosaurus bataar (Theropoda, Tyrannosauridae) from the Nemegt Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Bugin Tsav, Mongolia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31(3): p. 497-517

Majungasaurus crenatissimus, an abelisaur from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar, pencil drawing

Reconstructed skeleton of the indeterminate Moroccan Cretaceous plioplatecarpine (Mosasauridae: Plioplatecarpinae) NMNS005676 F043103, possibly Gavialimimus almaghribensis or an unnamed species (according to Yang, 2022). A collection of the National Museum of Natural Science (Taichung, Taiwan), the specimen was on display in the National Taiwan Museum during a special exhibition.

Stratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous Neuquén Group (after Garrido) indicating stratigraphic positions of definitive unenlagiine taxa (modified from Gianechini and Gianechini & Apesteguía). Skeletal reconstructions to approximate scale, redrawn and/or modified from works by Scott Hartman (Buitreraptor gonzalezorum, Austroraptor cabazai), Gabriel Lio (Unenlagia comahuensis, Neuquenraptor argentinus, Unenlagia paynemili), and Jaime Headden (Pamparaptor micros, Diuqin lechiguanae), used with permission

Leptocleidus capensis, a plesiosaur from the Early Cretaceous of South Africa, pencil drawing, digital coloring

Amargasaurus lived in the Cretaceous Period, about 100 million years ago.Photo taken in Museum of Victoria (Melbourne, Victoria, Australia)

Amargasaurus lived in the Cretaceous Period, about 100 million years ago.Photo taken in Museum of Victoria (Melbourne, Victoria, Australia)

The saltasaurine sauropod Neuquensaurus australis, from the Anacleto Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Patagonia, Argentina. Restoration of the skeleton mounted at the Museo de La Plata, Argentina.

The saltasaurine sauropod Neuquensaurus australis, from the Anacleto Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Patagonia, Argentina. Restoration of the skeleton mounted at the Museo de La Plata, Argentina.

Chasmosaurus belli ROM 843, Royal Tyrrell Museum of Paleontology. Late Cretaceous 75-74.5 millions years ago. Found at Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, and prepared at the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Paleontology, Drumheller, Alberta.

Chasmosaurus belli ROM 843, Royal Tyrrell Museum of Paleontology. Late Cretaceous 75-74.5 millions years ago. Found at Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, and prepared at the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Paleontology, Drumheller, Alberta.

Holotype of the polycotylid[1] plesiosaur Edgarosaurus muddi DRUCKENMILLER, 2002, (MOR 751) comprising the skull, the neck, and the left front flipper, on display in the Museum of the Rockies in Bozeman, Montana. The specimen was collected in Edgar, Carbon County, Montana, from the Shell Creek member of the Thermopolis Shale Formation, Upper Albian, uppermost Lower Cretaceous.[2]

A more complete specimen of Wapuskanectes betsynichollsae. TMP2012.50.1. (A) Dorsal view of the originally upside down remains recovered from north of the town of Fort McMurray, Alberta. The head and most of the neck were lost when intercepted by a grader during road construction. The right flipper was lost sometime in the Early Cretaceous prior to the final burial of the body. (B) The pelvic and abdominal regions of TMP2012.50.1 showing gastroliths (black arrows) within the body cavity that settled between the ribs of the inverted carcass and hint at a more substantial collection that is hidden inside the body cavity. Scale bars on body regions are 10 cm. Source credit: Sue Sabrowski, Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology.

Jeholopterus ningchengensus Wang, Zhou, Zhang, and Xu, 2002, IVPP V 12705, Lower Yixian Formation (Early Cretaceous), China.