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Mounted replica of a composite skeleton of Edmontosaurus annectens on display at the University of Oxford Museum, Oxford, England. The original skeleton is compiled from disarticulated fossil bones from a bonebed of the Hell Creek Formation, exposed in the Ruth Mason Quarry in Harding County, South Dakota. It is 8.5 m (28 ft.) long and the skull is almost 1 m (39 in.) in length.[1][2]


↑ Dinosaurs in the Museum. Oxford University Museum of Natural History (brochure, PDF), p. 7

↑ BHI Fossil Replica Catalog 2012. Black Hills Institute of Geological Research, Inc., Hill City, SD, 2012 (PDF), p. 22
Taxa Edmontosaurini

Mounted replica of a composite skeleton of Edmontosaurus annectens on display at the University of Oxford Museum, Oxford, England. The original skeleton is compiled from disarticulated fossil bones from a bonebed of the Hell Creek Formation, exposed in the Ruth Mason Quarry in Harding County, South Dakota. It is 8.5 m (28 ft.) long and the skull is almost 1 m (39 in.) in length.[1][2] ↑ Dinosaurs in the Museum. Oxford University Museum of Natural History (brochure, PDF), p. 7 ↑ BHI Fossil Replica Catalog 2012. Black Hills Institute of Geological Research, Inc., Hill City, SD, 2012 (PDF), p. 22

bone museum Hell Creek fossil +10
Mounted replica of a composite skeleton of Edmontosaurus annectens on display at the University of Oxford Museum, Oxford, England. The original skeleton is compiled from disarticulated fossil bones from a bonebed of the Hell Creek Formation, exposed in the Ruth Mason Quarry in Harding County, South Dakota. It is 8.5 m (28 ft.) long and the skull is almost 1 m (39 in.) in length.[1][2]


↑ Dinosaurs in the Museum. Oxford University Museum of Natural History (brochure, PDF), p. 7

↑ BHI Fossil Replica Catalog 2012. Black Hills Institute of Geological Research, Inc., Hill City, SD, 2012 (PDF), p. 22
Taxa Kritosaurini

Mounted replica of a composite skeleton of Edmontosaurus annectens on display at the University of Oxford Museum, Oxford, England. The original skeleton is compiled from disarticulated fossil bones from a bonebed of the Hell Creek Formation, exposed in the Ruth Mason Quarry in Harding County, South Dakota. It is 8.5 m (28 ft.) long and the skull is almost 1 m (39 in.) in length.[1][2] ↑ Dinosaurs in the Museum. Oxford University Museum of Natural History (brochure, PDF), p. 7 ↑ BHI Fossil Replica Catalog 2012. Black Hills Institute of Geological Research, Inc., Hill City, SD, 2012 (PDF), p. 22

bone museum Hell Creek fossil +10
Mounted replica of a composite skeleton of Edmontosaurus annectens on display at the University of Oxford Museum, Oxford, England. The original skeleton is compiled from disarticulated fossil bones from a bonebed of the Hell Creek Formation, exposed in the Ruth Mason Quarry in Harding County, South Dakota. It is 8.5 m (28 ft.) long and the skull is almost 1 m (39 in.) in length.[1][2]


↑ Dinosaurs in the Museum. Oxford University Museum of Natural History (brochure, PDF), p. 7

↑ BHI Fossil Replica Catalog 2012. Black Hills Institute of Geological Research, Inc., Hill City, SD, 2012 (PDF), p. 22
Taxa Saurolophini

Mounted replica of a composite skeleton of Edmontosaurus annectens on display at the University of Oxford Museum, Oxford, England. The original skeleton is compiled from disarticulated fossil bones from a bonebed of the Hell Creek Formation, exposed in the Ruth Mason Quarry in Harding County, South Dakota. It is 8.5 m (28 ft.) long and the skull is almost 1 m (39 in.) in length.[1][2] ↑ Dinosaurs in the Museum. Oxford University Museum of Natural History (brochure, PDF), p. 7 ↑ BHI Fossil Replica Catalog 2012. Black Hills Institute of Geological Research, Inc., Hill City, SD, 2012 (PDF), p. 22

bone museum Hell Creek fossil +10
Mounted replica of a composite skeleton of Edmontosaurus annectens on display at the University of Oxford Museum, Oxford, England. The original skeleton is compiled from disarticulated fossil bones from a bonebed of the Hell Creek Formation, exposed in the Ruth Mason Quarry in Harding County, South Dakota. It is 8.5 m (28 ft.) long and the skull is almost 1 m (39 in.) in length.[1][2]


↑ Dinosaurs in the Museum. Oxford University Museum of Natural History (brochure, PDF), p. 7

↑ BHI Fossil Replica Catalog 2012. Black Hills Institute of Geological Research, Inc., Hill City, SD, 2012 (PDF), p. 22
Taxa Saurolophinae

Mounted replica of a composite skeleton of Edmontosaurus annectens on display at the University of Oxford Museum, Oxford, England. The original skeleton is compiled from disarticulated fossil bones from a bonebed of the Hell Creek Formation, exposed in the Ruth Mason Quarry in Harding County, South Dakota. It is 8.5 m (28 ft.) long and the skull is almost 1 m (39 in.) in length.[1][2] ↑ Dinosaurs in the Museum. Oxford University Museum of Natural History (brochure, PDF), p. 7 ↑ BHI Fossil Replica Catalog 2012. Black Hills Institute of Geological Research, Inc., Hill City, SD, 2012 (PDF), p. 22

bone museum Hell Creek fossil +10
Mounted replica of a composite skeleton of Edmontosaurus annectens on display at the University of Oxford Museum, Oxford, England. The original skeleton is compiled from disarticulated fossil bones from a bonebed of the Hell Creek Formation, exposed in the Ruth Mason Quarry in Harding County, South Dakota. It is 8.5 m (28 ft.) long and the skull is almost 1 m (39 in.) in length.[1][2]


↑ Dinosaurs in the Museum. Oxford University Museum of Natural History (brochure, PDF), p. 7

↑ BHI Fossil Replica Catalog 2012. Black Hills Institute of Geological Research, Inc., Hill City, SD, 2012 (PDF), p. 22
Taxa Brachylophosaurini

Mounted replica of a composite skeleton of Edmontosaurus annectens on display at the University of Oxford Museum, Oxford, England. The original skeleton is compiled from disarticulated fossil bones from a bonebed of the Hell Creek Formation, exposed in the Ruth Mason Quarry in Harding County, South Dakota. It is 8.5 m (28 ft.) long and the skull is almost 1 m (39 in.) in length.[1][2] ↑ Dinosaurs in the Museum. Oxford University Museum of Natural History (brochure, PDF), p. 7 ↑ BHI Fossil Replica Catalog 2012. Black Hills Institute of Geological Research, Inc., Hill City, SD, 2012 (PDF), p. 22

bone museum Hell Creek fossil +10
The saltasaurine sauropod Neuquensaurus australis, from the Anacleto Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Patagonia, Argentina. Restoration of the skeleton mounted at the Museo de La Plata, Argentina.
Taxa Saltasauroidea

The saltasaurine sauropod Neuquensaurus australis, from the Anacleto Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Patagonia, Argentina. Restoration of the skeleton mounted at the Museo de La Plata, Argentina.

Argentina Anacleto Cretaceous Lohuecosauria +4
The saltasaurine sauropod Neuquensaurus australis, from the Anacleto Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Patagonia, Argentina. Restoration of the skeleton mounted at the Museo de La Plata, Argentina.
Taxa Lohuecosauria

The saltasaurine sauropod Neuquensaurus australis, from the Anacleto Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Patagonia, Argentina. Restoration of the skeleton mounted at the Museo de La Plata, Argentina.

Argentina Anacleto Cretaceous Lohuecosauria +4
Perot Museum

Reconstructed skeleton of Convolosaurus in the foreground, with an adult Tenontosaurus behind it. Skeletons are from the Cloverly Formation of Montana.
Taxa Rhabdodontomorpha

Perot Museum Reconstructed skeleton of Convolosaurus in the foreground, with an adult Tenontosaurus behind it. Skeletons are from the Cloverly Formation of Montana.

museum Cloverly Convolosaurus Rhabdodontia +6
Perot Museum

Reconstructed skeleton of Convolosaurus in the foreground, with an adult Tenontosaurus behind it. Skeletons are from the Cloverly Formation of Montana.
Taxa Rhabdodontoidea

Perot Museum Reconstructed skeleton of Convolosaurus in the foreground, with an adult Tenontosaurus behind it. Skeletons are from the Cloverly Formation of Montana.

museum Cloverly Convolosaurus Rhabdodontia +6
Perot Museum

Reconstructed skeleton of Convolosaurus in the foreground, with an adult Tenontosaurus behind it. Skeletons are from the Cloverly Formation of Montana.
Taxa Tenontosauridae

Perot Museum Reconstructed skeleton of Convolosaurus in the foreground, with an adult Tenontosaurus behind it. Skeletons are from the Cloverly Formation of Montana.

museum Cloverly Convolosaurus Rhabdodontia +6
Perot Museum

Reconstructed skeleton of Convolosaurus in the foreground, with an adult Tenontosaurus behind it. Skeletons are from the Cloverly Formation of Montana.
Taxa Rhabdodontia

Perot Museum Reconstructed skeleton of Convolosaurus in the foreground, with an adult Tenontosaurus behind it. Skeletons are from the Cloverly Formation of Montana.

museum Cloverly Convolosaurus Rhabdodontia +6
Fossil specimen of Ornithomimus sp. (TMP 1995.110.1), Royal Tyrrell Museum. This specimen was recovered from the middle Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada.
Taxa Ornithomimidae

Fossil specimen of Ornithomimus sp. (TMP 1995.110.1), Royal Tyrrell Museum. This specimen was recovered from the middle Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada.

museum Canada Germany Dinosaur Park +6
‘Koutalisaurus kohlerorum’ (Ornithopoda, Lambeosaurinae; indeterminate lambeosaurine sensu Prieto-Márquez et al. 2013), right dentary (IPS 29920 (formerly IPS SRA 27) in medial view (‘lower red unit’ of the Tremp Formation, Les Llaus near Sant Romà d’Abella, Lleida)
Taxa Koutalisaurus

‘Koutalisaurus kohlerorum’ (Ornithopoda, Lambeosaurinae; indeterminate lambeosaurine sensu Prieto-Márquez et al. 2013), right dentary (IPS 29920 (formerly IPS SRA 27) in medial view (‘lower red unit’ of the Tremp Formation, Les Llaus near Sant Romà d’Abella, Lleida)

Koutalisaurus Lambeosaurinae Ornithopoda formation
Holotype specimen (PIMUZ A/III 1274) of Prosantosaurus scheffoldi gen. et spec. nov. from the upper Prosanto Formation (Early Ladinian, Middle Triassic) of Ducanfurgga locality no. 4, southwest of Davos, Canton of Grisons, south-eastern Switzerland. A Nearly complete specimen as prepared in dorsal view. The posterior part of the tail was lost prior to burial. Both forearms are not visible but lie below the trunk region, pointing in an anteromedial direction (see Additional file 1: Fig. S3A). B Detail of skull and anterior neck region. C Outline sketch of skull sutures. D Detail of shoulder girdle (claviculae, scapulae) and anterior dorsal vertebrae and ribs. E Detail of right humerus. F Detail of posterior dorsal vertebrae and ribs, sacral vertebrae and ribs, and anterior caudal vertebrae and ribs. G Detail of left ilium and hindlimb. ar articular; as astragalus; bo basioccipital; cal calcaneus; cl clavicula; co coracoid; d dentary; en external naris; eo exoccipital; fe femur; fi fibula; fr frontal; hu humerus; il ilium; in internal naris; is ischium; j jugal; mx maxilla; na naris; o orbit; pa parietal; pl palatine; pmx premaxilla; pof postfrontal; po postorbital; prf prefrontal; pt pterygoid; pu pubis; q quadrate; qj quadratojugal; ti tibia; sacr sacral rib; sc scapula; so supraoccipital; sp splenial; sq squamosal; su surangular; utf upper temporal fenestra; v vomer
Taxa Prosantosaurus

Holotype specimen (PIMUZ A/III 1274) of Prosantosaurus scheffoldi gen. et spec. nov. from the upper Prosanto Formation (Early Ladinian, Middle Triassic) of Ducanfurgga locality no. 4, southwest of Davos, Canton of Grisons, south-eastern Switzerland. A Nearly complete specimen as prepared in dorsal view. The posterior part of the tail was lost prior to burial. Both forearms are not visible but lie below the trunk region, pointing in an anteromedial direction (see Additional file 1: Fig. S3A). B Detail of skull and anterior neck region. C Outline sketch of skull sutures. D Detail of shoulder girdle (claviculae, scapulae) and anterior dorsal vertebrae and ribs. E Detail of right humerus. F Detail of posterior dorsal vertebrae and ribs, sacral vertebrae and ribs, and anterior caudal vertebrae and ribs. G Detail of left ilium and hindlimb. ar articular; as astragalus; bo basioccipital; cal calcaneus; cl clavicula; co coracoid; d dentary; en external naris; eo exoccipital; fe femur; fi fibula; fr frontal; hu humerus; il ilium; in internal naris; is ischium; j jugal; mx maxilla; na naris; o orbit; pa parietal; pl palatine; pmx premaxilla; pof postfrontal; po postorbital; prf prefrontal; pt pterygoid; pu pubis; q quadrate; qj quadratojugal; ti tibia; sacr sacral rib; sc scapula; so supraoccipital; sp splenial; sq squamosal; su surangular; utf upper temporal fenestra; v vomer

humerus Switzerland Ladinian Middle Triassic +6
Sachicasaurus vitae - holotype - Paja Formation, Colombia
Taxa Sachicasaurus

Sachicasaurus vitae - holotype - Paja Formation, Colombia

Colombia holotype Sachicasaurus formation
Holotype of the polycotylid[1] plesiosaur Edgarosaurus muddi DRUCKENMILLER, 2002, (MOR 751) comprising the skull, the neck, and the left front flipper, on display in the Museum of the Rockies in Bozeman, Montana. The specimen was collected in Edgar, Carbon County, Montana, from the Shell Creek member of the Thermopolis Shale Formation, Upper Albian, uppermost Lower Cretaceous.[2]
Taxa Edgarosaurus

Holotype of the polycotylid[1] plesiosaur Edgarosaurus muddi DRUCKENMILLER, 2002, (MOR 751) comprising the skull, the neck, and the left front flipper, on display in the Museum of the Rockies in Bozeman, Montana. The specimen was collected in Edgar, Carbon County, Montana, from the Shell Creek member of the Thermopolis Shale Formation, Upper Albian, uppermost Lower Cretaceous.[2]

museum United States Albian Cretaceous +7
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Argentina Japan Cretaceous Late Cretaceous fossil Dinosauria Kank Unenlagiidae discovery formation new species
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Early Platypuses Had Strong Teeth and Powerful Jaws, Fossils Show
jaw tooth Australia fossil formation
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fossil formation
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Morocco fossil discovery formation
A puzzling wrinkled rock formation in Morocco has led scientists to rethink where ancient microbes could live. Instead of shallow, sunlit waters, these microbes may have thrived deep in the ocean, fueled by chemicals delivered by underwater landslides. The discovery suggests that dark, nutrient-rich environments hosted thriving ecosystems much earlier than expected. It also raises the possibility that many similar fossils have been overlooked or misinterpreted.
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