holotype

The holotype and only known specimen of the hauffiopterygian leptonectid, Xiphodracon goldencapensis (ROM VP52596) from Golden Cap, between Charmouth and Seatown, Dorset, UK. The skeleton is exposed in ventrolateral view. The skull has been fully prepared free of matrix whereas most of the skeleton is still in matrix. The left (upper) forefin has been prepared so that it is three-dimensionally preserved and projects upwards. Scale bar represents 20 cm.

Oneirosaurus caballeroi holotype IGMp879524. A, photograph, drawing and interpretative scheme of the specimen without left mandibular ramus, in right lateral view. B, photograph, drawing and interpretative scheme of the specimen without left mandibular ramus, in left lateral view. Gray fill, sediment; pattern fill, broken bone surface; black, empty space. Scale bars: A = 50 mm; C-D = 30 mm. Abbreviations: an, angular; avc, anterior aperture of the vidian canal; bo, basioccipital; bptm, basipterygoid meniscus; bs, basisphenoid; c, coronoid; d, dentary; ec, ectopterygoid; ep, epipterygoid; ex, exoccipital; f, frontal; im, internal auditory meatus; is, interorbital septum; j, jugal; la, lacrimal; m, mandible; mx, maxilla; na, nasal; op, opisthotic-exoccipital; p, parietal; par, prearticular; pl, palatine; pmx, premaxilla; pof, postorbitofrontal; pr, prootic; prf, prefrontal; ps, parasphenoid; pt, pterygoid; pvc, posterior aperture of the vidian canal q; quadrate; rv, right vomer; sa, surangular; scp, sclerotic plate; smx, septomaxilla; so, supraoccipital; sp, splenial; stp, stapes; VII, IX-XII, exit of cranial nerves.

Holotype of Alcione elainus. Fig. 6 of: Longrich, N. R., Martill, D. M., & Andres, B. (2018). Late Maastrichtian pterosaurs from North Africa and mass extinction of Pterosauria at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. PLoS biology, 16(3), e2001663. --- Original figure legend: A. elainus FSAC-OB 2, holotype partial skeleton and FSAC-OB 217, metacarpal IV. (A) Holotype right humerus in anterior view, (B) holotype right ulna and radius in anterior view, respectively, (C) holotype sternum in left lateral view, (D) referred metacarpal IV, (E) holotype, distal end of left metacarpal IV and left scapulocoracoid, and (F) holotype right femur in posterior view. Abbreviations: co, coracoid; cr, cristospine; dc, distal condyle; dpc, deltopectoral crest; ect, ectepicondyle; fh, femoral head; gl, glenoid; gt, greater trochanter; hh, humeral head; hum, humerus; mcIV, metacarpal IV, pc, proximal cotyle; pf, pneumatic foramen; rad, radius; scpr, supracondylar process; ste, sternum; uln, ulna.

Holotype of Alcione elainus. Fig. 6 of: Longrich, N. R., Martill, D. M., & Andres, B. (2018). Late Maastrichtian pterosaurs from North Africa and mass extinction of Pterosauria at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. PLoS biology, 16(3), e2001663. --- Original figure legend: A. elainus FSAC-OB 2, holotype partial skeleton and FSAC-OB 217, metacarpal IV. (A) Holotype right humerus in anterior view, (B) holotype right ulna and radius in anterior view, respectively, (C) holotype sternum in left lateral view, (D) referred metacarpal IV, (E) holotype, distal end of left metacarpal IV and left scapulocoracoid, and (F) holotype right femur in posterior view. Abbreviations: co, coracoid; cr, cristospine; dc, distal condyle; dpc, deltopectoral crest; ect, ectepicondyle; fh, femoral head; gl, glenoid; gt, greater trochanter; hh, humeral head; hum, humerus; mcIV, metacarpal IV, pc, proximal cotyle; pf, pneumatic foramen; rad, radius; scpr, supracondylar process; ste, sternum; uln, ulna.

Various fossils pertaining to the holotype of the Triassic ichthyosaur Toretocnemus (originally Leptocheirus, also Merriamia) zitteli. This image is derived from plate 23 in Merriam (1903), done by an uncredited artist. The arrangement of the individual figures has been modified from the original (most notably, figures 3 and 4 were swapped to minimize confusion). Original description: Leptocheirus zitteli n. gen. and sp. Figures reproduced natural size from the type specimen. Fig. 1.— Right side of skull. Fig. 2. — Cross-section of posterior portion of the lower jaw, taken above the point marked A on the lateral view of the skull. Fig. 3. — Cross-section of the upper and lower jaws, taken at the break immediately behind the point marked Sp on the lateral view of the skull. Fig. 4. — Lateral view of an anterior caudal centrum. Legend (modified from original): Ar - articular A - angular D - dentary J - jugal L - lacrimal Mx - maxilla Po - postorbital Sa - surangular Se - sclerotic ring Sp - spenial T - cross-section of tooth X - doubtful element

The shoulder girdle of the holotype of the Triassic ichthyosaur Toretocnemus (originally Leptocheirus, also Merriamia) zitteli. This image is derived from plate 21 in Merriam (1903), done by an uncredited artist. The arrangement of the individual figures has been slightly modified from the original. Original description: Leptocheirus zitteli n. gen. and sp. Figures reproduced natural size from the type specimen. Fig. 1.—Clavicles (cl) and probable interelavicle (Ic and Ic')- The interclavicle has been separated into two fragments by a crack in the matrix. Fig. 2.—Inner side of the coracoids and the left scapula.

Forelimb and partial hindlimb of the holotype of the Triassic ichthyosaur Toretocnemus (originally Leptocheirus, also Merriamia) zitteli. This image is derived from plate 22 in Merriam (1903), done by an uncredited artist. Original description: Leptocheirus zitteli n. gen. and sp. Figures reproduced natural size from the type specimen. Fig. 1. — Superior side of left anterior limb. r, radius. Fig. 2. — Posterior limb. t, tibia.

Various fossils pertaining to the holotype of the Triassic ichthyosaur Toretocnemus californicus. This image is derived from plate 24 in Merriam (1903), done by an uncredited artist. The arrangement of the individual figures has been modified from the original. Original description: Toretocnemus californicus n. gen. and sp. Figures reproduced natural size from the type specimen. Fig. 1. — Inferior side of right posterior limb. t, tibia. Fig. 2. — Right anterior limb. r, radius. Fig. 3.— Pelvic arch. Fig. 4. — Middle dorsal vertebrae and a rib from the same region.

Tanycolagreus fossil holotype TPII 2000-09-29, North American Museum of Ancient Life.

PRESERVED_SPECIMEN; ; ; microslide; HOLOTYPE. See: Sanders, Howard L. 1955. The Cephalocarida, a new subclass of Crustacea from Long Island Sound. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 41 (1): 61-66.; CSBR Slide Grant Image 2015; IZ number 3617; lot count 1; Microslide 01, balsam, whole mount; 1954-07-23T00:00:00Z

Brontosaurus excelsus in the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History. Brontosaurus excelsus Inv no. YPM 1980 (holotype specimen of the species) Discoverer William H. Reed 1879 Locality Como Bluff, Wyoming Age Morrison Formatian, Jurassic period, 150 million years ago

Comparison between multiple tapejarid genera. A) Torukjara bandeirae (CP.V 8175) B) Caiuajara dobruskii (holotype CP.V 1449) C) Tupandactylus imperator (MCT 1622-R) D) Tapejara wellnhoferi (AMNH 24440) E) "Huaxiapterus" benxiensis (BXGM V0011) F) Sinopterus dongi (IVPP V 13363) Scalebar=50mm

Comparison between multiple tapejarid genera. A) Torukjara bandeirae (CP.V 8175) B) Caiuajara dobruskii (holotype CP.V 1449) C) Tupandactylus imperator (MCT 1622-R) D) Tapejara wellnhoferi (AMNH 24440) E) "Huaxiapterus" benxiensis (BXGM V0011) F) Sinopterus dongi (IVPP V 13363) Scalebar=50mm

Figure 4 The reconstruction of the skull and lower jaw of the holotype of Darwinopterus camposi sp. nov. (IVPP V 17957). Scale bar: 50 mm. Abbreviations: d, dentary; f, frontal; j, jugal; ltf, lower temporal fenestra; m, maxilla; man.sys, mandibular symphysis; naof, nasoantorbital fenestra; o, orbit; p, parietal; pm, premaxilla; pmcr, premaxillary crest; po, postorbital; prn, nasal process; q, quadrate; sq, squamosal; utf, upper temporal fenestra.

Figure 4 The reconstruction of the skull and lower jaw of the holotype of Darwinopterus camposi sp. nov. (IVPP V 17957). Scale bar: 50 mm. Abbreviations: d, dentary; f, frontal; j, jugal; ltf, lower temporal fenestra; m, maxilla; man.sys, mandibular symphysis; naof, nasoantorbital fenestra; o, orbit; p, parietal; pm, premaxilla; pmcr, premaxillary crest; po, postorbital; prn, nasal process; q, quadrate; sq, squamosal; utf, upper temporal fenestra.

Montage of seven ornithomimosaurs, clockwise from top left: Gallimimus, Anserimimus, Ornithomimus, Deinocheirus, Harpymimus, Struthiomimus and "Gallimimus mongoliensis". These files are already on Commons with their respective licenses. This montage was made for the article Ornithomimosauria on Wikipedia. File:Gallimimus 2 NHM.JPG File:Anserimimusbcn4.jpg File:Ornithomimus edmontonicus.jpg File:Deinocheirus mount.jpg File:Harpymimus holotype.jpg File:Struthiomimus ROM.jpg File:Gallimimus in Ulaanbaatar.jpg