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holotype

Nature du spécimen

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The holotype of Douzhanopterus zhengi gen. et sp. nov.

(a) Part of the holotype; (b) close up of the tail, green arrows indicating the anterior and posterior ends of each caudal vertebra; (c) close up of the right foot. Scale bars are 50 mm, 10 mm, and 10 mm in (a,b and c), respectively.
Taxons Douzhanopterus

The holotype of Douzhanopterus zhengi gen. et sp. nov. (a) Part of the holotype; (b) close up of the tail, green arrows indicating the anterior and posterior ends of each caudal vertebra; (c) close up of the right foot. Scale bars are 50 mm, 10 mm, and 10 mm in (a,b and c), respectively.

écaille vertèbre holotype Douzhanopterus
Haliskia peterseni gen. et sp. nov., holotype specimen KK F1426. (A) dorsal vertebra, ribs, gastralium, left scapulocoracoid, left and right manual phalanx IV-2, right manual phalanx IV-3, left femur, left tibia, metatarsals and pedal phalanges, (B) mandible, teeth, ceratobranchials, cervical vertebra, rib, gastralium, right syncarpus, right lateral carpal, right pteroid, metacarpals, manual digits, right manual phalanx IV-1, left manual phalanx IV-4, (C) premaxilla with teeth, (D) isolated tooth, (E) isolated tooth, (F) left lateral carpal, (G) left metacarpal IV. Scale bar = 50 mm.
Taxons Haliskia

Haliskia peterseni gen. et sp. nov., holotype specimen KK F1426. (A) dorsal vertebra, ribs, gastralium, left scapulocoracoid, left and right manual phalanx IV-2, right manual phalanx IV-3, left femur, left tibia, metatarsals and pedal phalanges, (B) mandible, teeth, ceratobranchials, cervical vertebra, rib, gastralium, right syncarpus, right lateral carpal, right pteroid, metacarpals, manual digits, right manual phalanx IV-1, left manual phalanx IV-4, (C) premaxilla with teeth, (D) isolated tooth, (E) isolated tooth, (F) left lateral carpal, (G) left metacarpal IV. Scale bar = 50 mm.

écaille dent vertèbre holotype +2
A, Photograph of the D. rarus holotype; B, Diagram of the D. rarus holotype; C, Diagram of the D. rarus holotype (left) and paratype (right); D, Photograph of the seven individual tracks of the D. rarus holotype
Taxons Dromaeosauriformipes

A, Photograph of the D. rarus holotype; B, Diagram of the D. rarus holotype; C, Diagram of the D. rarus holotype (left) and paratype (right); D, Photograph of the seven individual tracks of the D. rarus holotype

holotype empreintes Dromaeosauriformipes
Skull reconstruction of Shanag ashile based on holotype IGM 100/1119, missing elements based on Sinornithosaurus.
Taxons Shanag

Skull reconstruction of Shanag ashile based on holotype IGM 100/1119, missing elements based on Sinornithosaurus.

holotype Shanag Sinornithosaurus crâne
Holotype of Transylvanosaurus platycephalus, LPB (FGGUB) R.2070, a partial skull comprising the articulated basicranium and both frontals. Scale bar: 1 cm.
Taxons Transylvanosaurus

Holotype of Transylvanosaurus platycephalus, LPB (FGGUB) R.2070, a partial skull comprising the articulated basicranium and both frontals. Scale bar: 1 cm.

écaille holotype Transylvanosaurus partiel +1
The holotype skeleton of Kamuysaurus japonicus gen. et sp. nov. (b) Reconstructed skeleton, showing recovered elements. Selected postcranial elements: cervical vertebrae (atlas, axis, and fourth and twelfth cervicals) in left lateral view (c), dorsal vertebrae (first, seventh, and sixteenth dorsals) in left lateral view (d), caudal vertebrae (anterior, middle, and posterior caudals) in left lateral view (e), left scapula (f) and coracoid (g) in lateral view, right sternum in ventral view (h), left humerus in anterior view (i), right ulna and radius in medial view (j), right manus in dorsal view (k), right pelvis in lateral view (l), right femur in anterior view (m), right tibia in anterior view (n), right fibula in lateral view (o), right astragalus and calcaneum, articulated positioned with tibia (p), and right pes in dorsal view (q). All scales are 10 cm except 1 m scale for (b). Abbreviations; ac, acromion process; ast, astragalus; cal, calcaneum; dpc, deltopectoral crest; fi, fibula; icg, intercondylar groove; il, ilium; is, ischium; ltr, lesser trochanter; mc2, metacarpal II; mc5, metacarpal V; mt2, metatarsal II; mt4, metatarsal IV; nc, neurocentrum; od, odontoid; olp, olecranon process; pc, pleurocentrum; pu, pubis; ra, radius; ti, tibia; ul, ulna; vp, ventral process.
Taxons Kamuysaurus

The holotype skeleton of Kamuysaurus japonicus gen. et sp. nov. (b) Reconstructed skeleton, showing recovered elements. Selected postcranial elements: cervical vertebrae (atlas, axis, and fourth and twelfth cervicals) in left lateral view (c), dorsal vertebrae (first, seventh, and sixteenth dorsals) in left lateral view (d), caudal vertebrae (anterior, middle, and posterior caudals) in left lateral view (e), left scapula (f) and coracoid (g) in lateral view, right sternum in ventral view (h), left humerus in anterior view (i), right ulna and radius in medial view (j), right manus in dorsal view (k), right pelvis in lateral view (l), right femur in anterior view (m), right tibia in anterior view (n), right fibula in lateral view (o), right astragalus and calcaneum, articulated positioned with tibia (p), and right pes in dorsal view (q). All scales are 10 cm except 1 m scale for (b). Abbreviations; ac, acromion process; ast, astragalus; cal, calcaneum; dpc, deltopectoral crest; fi, fibula; icg, intercondylar groove; il, ilium; is, ischium; ltr, lesser trochanter; mc2, metacarpal II; mc5, metacarpal V; mt2, metatarsal II; mt4, metatarsal IV; nc, neurocentrum; od, odontoid; olp, olecranon process; pc, pleurocentrum; pu, pubis; ra, radius; ti, tibia; ul, ulna; vp, ventral process.

crête humérus bassin écaille +3
Xingtianosaurus holotype
Taxons Xingtianosaurus

Xingtianosaurus holotype

holotype Xingtianosaurus
Holotype (HMN MB.R.2455, Cervical vertebra) of Australodocus.
Taxons Qijianglong

Holotype (HMN MB.R.2455, Cervical vertebra) of Australodocus.

vertèbre holotype Australodocus Qijianglong
Holotype (HMN MB.R.2455, Cervical vertebra) of Australodocus.
Taxons Australodocus

Holotype (HMN MB.R.2455, Cervical vertebra) of Australodocus.

vertèbre holotype Australodocus Qijianglong
Ohmdenosaurus holotype specimen, on exhibit at the Urweltmuseum Hauff. The specimen includes a lower leg (tibia, astragalus, calcaneus). Labels after Wild, 1978.
Wild, R. (1978). "Ein Sauropoden-Rest (Reptilia, Saurischia) aus dem Posidonienschiefer (Lias, Toarcium) von Holzmaden". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) (in German). 41: 1–15.
Taxons Ohmdenosaurus

Ohmdenosaurus holotype specimen, on exhibit at the Urweltmuseum Hauff. The specimen includes a lower leg (tibia, astragalus, calcaneus). Labels after Wild, 1978. Wild, R. (1978). "Ein Sauropoden-Rest (Reptilia, Saurischia) aus dem Posidonienschiefer (Lias, Toarcium) von Holzmaden". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) (in German). 41: 1–15.

holotype spécimen Ohmdenosaurus Saurischia
Skeletal composite of the chilean titanosaur Atacamatitan chilensis. A fragmented sauropod known from the holotype SGO-PV-961, found in the Atacama Desert. The preserved elements consist of:[1]
Right femur, the proximal end of a humerus, two dorsal vertebrae, posterior caudal vertebrae, dorsal ribs and a possibly fragmentary element of the sternum, other fragmented caudal vertebrae and indeterminate bones.[1]
Due to the fragmented nature of the holotype, most cladistic analyzes exclude Atacamatitan. Nevertheless, in 2012, Rubilar-Rogers and Gutstein conducted a preliminary cladistic analysis which placed Atacamatitan within the Lithostrotia.[2]
The original description lacks a lateral view for the humerus and femur, the lateral view for the humerus was based on Alamosaurus and Opisthocoelicaudia, since it shows resemblance with them. The lateral view of the femur is based on Mendozasaurus for the same reason.

Color Key
  Known
  Unknown
Taxons Mendozasaurus

Skeletal composite of the chilean titanosaur Atacamatitan chilensis. A fragmented sauropod known from the holotype SGO-PV-961, found in the Atacama Desert. The preserved elements consist of:[1] Right femur, the proximal end of a humerus, two dorsal vertebrae, posterior caudal vertebrae, dorsal ribs and a possibly fragmentary element of the sternum, other fragmented caudal vertebrae and indeterminate bones.[1] Due to the fragmented nature of the holotype, most cladistic analyzes exclude Atacamatitan. Nevertheless, in 2012, Rubilar-Rogers and Gutstein conducted a preliminary cladistic analysis which placed Atacamatitan within the Lithostrotia.[2] The original description lacks a lateral view for the humerus and femur, the lateral view for the humerus was based on Alamosaurus and Opisthocoelicaudia, since it shows resemblance with them. The lateral view of the femur is based on Mendozasaurus for the same reason. Color Key   Known   Unknown

os humérus description holotype +6
Elements of the Qianjiangsaurus changshengi holotype (CLGRP V00016), including the predentary in dorsal view (top left), left dentary in medial view (top right), and a block containing eighteen mostly articulated anterior to middle caudal vertebrae and associated chevrons and ossified tendons.
Taxons Qianjiangsaurus

Elements of the Qianjiangsaurus changshengi holotype (CLGRP V00016), including the predentary in dorsal view (top left), left dentary in medial view (top right), and a block containing eighteen mostly articulated anterior to middle caudal vertebrae and associated chevrons and ossified tendons.

holotype Qianjiangsaurus
Oneirosaurus caballeroi holotype IGMp879524. A, photograph, drawing and interpretative scheme of the specimen without left mandibular ramus, in right lateral view. B, photograph, drawing and interpretative scheme of the specimen without left mandibular
ramus, in left lateral view. Gray fill, sediment; pattern fill, broken bone surface; black, empty space. Scale bars: A = 50 mm; C-D = 30 mm. Abbreviations: an, angular; avc, anterior aperture of the vidian canal; bo, basioccipital; bptm, basipterygoid meniscus; bs, basisphenoid; c, coronoid; d, dentary; ec, ectopterygoid; ep, epipterygoid; ex, exoccipital; f, frontal; im, internal auditory meatus; is, interorbital septum; j, jugal; la, lacrimal; m, mandible; mx, maxilla; na, nasal; op, opisthotic-exoccipital; p, parietal; par, prearticular; pl, palatine; pmx, premaxilla; pof, postorbitofrontal; pr, prootic; prf, prefrontal; ps, parasphenoid; pt, pterygoid; pvc, posterior aperture of the vidian canal q; quadrate; rv, right vomer; sa, surangular; scp, sclerotic plate; smx, septomaxilla; so, supraoccipital; sp, splenial; stp, stapes; VII, IX-XII, exit of cranial nerves.
Taxons Oneirosaurus

Oneirosaurus caballeroi holotype IGMp879524. A, photograph, drawing and interpretative scheme of the specimen without left mandibular ramus, in right lateral view. B, photograph, drawing and interpretative scheme of the specimen without left mandibular ramus, in left lateral view. Gray fill, sediment; pattern fill, broken bone surface; black, empty space. Scale bars: A = 50 mm; C-D = 30 mm. Abbreviations: an, angular; avc, anterior aperture of the vidian canal; bo, basioccipital; bptm, basipterygoid meniscus; bs, basisphenoid; c, coronoid; d, dentary; ec, ectopterygoid; ep, epipterygoid; ex, exoccipital; f, frontal; im, internal auditory meatus; is, interorbital septum; j, jugal; la, lacrimal; m, mandible; mx, maxilla; na, nasal; op, opisthotic-exoccipital; p, parietal; par, prearticular; pl, palatine; pmx, premaxilla; pof, postorbitofrontal; pr, prootic; prf, prefrontal; ps, parasphenoid; pt, pterygoid; pvc, posterior aperture of the vidian canal q; quadrate; rv, right vomer; sa, surangular; scp, sclerotic plate; smx, septomaxilla; so, supraoccipital; sp, splenial; stp, stapes; VII, IX-XII, exit of cranial nerves.

os écaille dessin holotype +2
Figure 1. Holotype NHMUK PV R 37591 pelvis and vertebrae of P. milnerae gen. et sp. nov. in (a) left lateral view and (b) right lateral view. atr, antitrochanter; bf, brevis fossa; bfr, brevis fossa rim; bs, brevis shelf; dv, dorsal vertebra; iss, ischial shaft; nc, neural canal; no, notch; obf, obturator foramen; poap, postacetabular process; prap, preacetabular process; puf, pubic fenestra; pus, pubic shaft; ras, rib attachment scar; ri, rim; sac, supra-acetabular crest; sv, sacral vertebra.
Taxons Pendraig

Figure 1. Holotype NHMUK PV R 37591 pelvis and vertebrae of P. milnerae gen. et sp. nov. in (a) left lateral view and (b) right lateral view. atr, antitrochanter; bf, brevis fossa; bfr, brevis fossa rim; bs, brevis shelf; dv, dorsal vertebra; iss, ischial shaft; nc, neural canal; no, notch; obf, obturator foramen; poap, postacetabular process; prap, preacetabular process; puf, pubic fenestra; pus, pubic shaft; ras, rib attachment scar; ri, rim; sac, supra-acetabular crest; sv, sacral vertebra.

crête bassin vertèbre holotype +1
Navajoceratops sullivani holotype SMP VP-1500 parietal.

Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Cross section of median bar (mb) illustrated on dorsal view. Ep1 mostly removed during extraction or preparation (see Fig. S4 for original extent). em, median embayment of the posterior bar; ep, epiparietal loci numbered by hypothesized position (no epiossifications are fused to this specimen); f, parietal fenestra; L-lr/R-lr, Left/Right lateral rami of the posterior bar; te, tapering lateral edges of the median bar. Scalebar = 10 cm. Reconstruction adapted from Lehman (1998).
Taxons Navajoceratops

Navajoceratops sullivani holotype SMP VP-1500 parietal. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Cross section of median bar (mb) illustrated on dorsal view. Ep1 mostly removed during extraction or preparation (see Fig. S4 for original extent). em, median embayment of the posterior bar; ep, epiparietal loci numbered by hypothesized position (no epiossifications are fused to this specimen); f, parietal fenestra; L-lr/R-lr, Left/Right lateral rami of the posterior bar; te, tapering lateral edges of the median bar. Scalebar = 10 cm. Reconstruction adapted from Lehman (1998).

Denver holotype spécimen Navajoceratops
Phosphatotitan khouribgaensis, holotype, MHNM.KHG.888; Sidi Chennane, Oulad Abdoun Basin, Khouribga Province, Morocco; Phosphates, lower Couche III, late Maastrichtian. Dorsal vertebra in (A) anterior view; and (B) lateral view. Abbreviations: acpl, anterior centroparapophyseal lamina; cen, centrum; con, condyle; lpl, lamina dividing pleurocoels; nec, neural canal; nsp, neural spine; pcdl, posterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; pcpl, posterior centroparapophyseal lamina; pl1, primary pleurocoel; pl2, secondary pleurocoel; prcdf, prezygocentrodiapophyseal fossa; pre, prezygapophyses; tp, transverse process.
Taxons Phosphatotitan

Phosphatotitan khouribgaensis, holotype, MHNM.KHG.888; Sidi Chennane, Oulad Abdoun Basin, Khouribga Province, Morocco; Phosphates, lower Couche III, late Maastrichtian. Dorsal vertebra in (A) anterior view; and (B) lateral view. Abbreviations: acpl, anterior centroparapophyseal lamina; cen, centrum; con, condyle; lpl, lamina dividing pleurocoels; nec, neural canal; nsp, neural spine; pcdl, posterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; pcpl, posterior centroparapophyseal lamina; pl1, primary pleurocoel; pl2, secondary pleurocoel; prcdf, prezygocentrodiapophyseal fossa; pre, prezygapophyses; tp, transverse process.

vertèbre Maroc Maastrichtien holotype +1
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