Dinosauria

Material of the dinosaur Bahariasaurus ingens (1-4, 7-18, 24-26) and indeterminate theropods (5-6, 19-23) from the Bahariya Formation of Egypt.

A cast of BYU 9025, the holotype fossil of the sauropod dinosaur Supersaurus, a giant scapulocoracoid measuring 2.4m long. • The source photo was taken at the Dinosaur Journey Musuem. • Notes regarding the file; This image was edited and extracted from the original seen here. [1] The Photoshop CC lens correction profile and a 'perspective warp' correction were applied.

Digital illustration of the Sauropod Dinosaur Isisaurus colberti from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of India (72.2-66 MYA). References include Jain & Bandyopadhyay (1997), several papers from Wilson et al. and skeletal reconstruction by Scott Hartman. Illustrated by Ansh Saxena. About Isisaurus– Isisaurus colberti (=Titanosaurus colberti) was a species of Titanosaurian Sauropod Dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) age in the Indian Subcontinent. Isisaurus lived sympatrically with another Titanosaurian Sauropod Jainosaurus. It also lived alongside Theropods like Rajasaurus, Rahiolisaurus, Indosuchus etc. Remains of Isisaurus come from the Lameta formation of Central India.

Saurexallopus, a four toed dinosaur or bird trace fossil (jr syn Exallopus

Fossil samples – e.g. ‘primitive’ bony fish (1, 2), a skull of a temnospondyl ‘amphibian’ (probably a metoposauroid) in dorsal view (3), a skull of an archosaur of the crocodile lineage (probably a phytosaur) in palatal view (4), holotype of the “gliding reptile” Icarosaurus siefkeri [1] (5) and Atreipus-Grallator-type dinosaur tracks (bottom right) – from the Newark Supergroup, i.e. a series of mainly Late Triassic to Early Jurassic sedimentary rocks of eastern North America ↑ Edwin H. Colbert: A gliding reptile from the Triassic of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates, 2230. American Museum of Natural History, New York 1966, digitallibrary.amnh.org, cf. fig. 3 therein.

An Ankylosaurus head (cast of specimen AMNH 5214), on display at the Museum of the Rockies in Bozeman, Montana. This is from a specimen collected in Custer County, Montana. The Ankylosauria were armored dinosaurs that lived from 122 million years ago to 66 million years ago in western North America, Europe, and East Asia. There were two subgroups: The Nodosauridae and Ankylosauridae. The Ankylosauridae contained six species, and a single subfamily -- the Ankylosaurinae. There 18 genus within the subfamily, of which Ankylosaurus is the best known. Ankylosaurus as the last of these, and lived 65.5 to 66.5 million years ago. Ankylosaurus was about 20.5 feet long, 5 feet wide, and 5.5 feet tall at the hip. It walked on all fours, with the rear legs longer than the front ones. They ripped vegetation, and swallowed it whole. Their defining feature was their armor. They body was covered in thick, heavy bony plates, and most of the plates were fused together to make them even stronger. Embedded in the skin were more knobs of bone, and the outer skin above these knobs covered in keratin (the same stuff fingernails are made of). Ankylosaurus had a tail club, which consisted of several large osteoderms fused to the last few tail vertebrae. Ankylosaurus was discovered in 1908.

The "Dinosaurs in Their Time" exhibit at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History. Pictures from some of my free time during the Project Zero Perspectives conference (#PZPGH) in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania - May 2017.

Holotype specimen (CRILAR-Pv 151) of Huayracursor jaguensis, a long-necked dinosaur that lived approximately 230 million years ago, placed in approximate anatomical articulation.

Musango is a basal sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived during the Late Triassic period in what is now Zimbabwe. Typical of early sauropodomorphs, or "prosauropods," it was an obligate biped with a long neck, and a long tail for counterbalance. Musango grew to approximately 5 m in total body length.

Uragasaurus is a sauropod dinosaur, and the first mamenchisaurid known from Thailand. Mamenchisaurids exhibit the basic sauropod body plan, processing their herbivorous diet in their large gut. Uniquely, mamenchisaurid necks, like that of Uragasaurus, are proportionately long, even by sauropod standards.

Brontotholus is a relatively large pachycephalosaurian dinosaur. Like all pachycephalosaurs, it was bipedal and sported the characteristic bony dome on top of its skull. Brontotholus grew to nearly 4 m in length, making it one of the largest known pachycephalosaurs, and the largest from the Campanian age.

Restored profile of the oviraptorid dinosaur Heyuannia yanshini by Matt Martyniuk.

Reconstruction of Bissektipelta archibaldi an ankylosaurid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Uzbekistan

Huaxiazhoulong is a fairly large ankylosaurid dinosaur, at around 6 m in length. It was a robust quadruped with a beak and teeth adapted for processing its herbivorous diet. Huaxiazhoulong had an armor of osteoderms, and the characteristic ankylosaurid tail club which was likely used in defense against predators, as well as intraspecific combat.

Calvarius is a genus of styracosternan ornithopod from the Late Cretaceous of Spain. The name alludes to its chronostratigraphic proximity to the extinction event that wiped out the non-avian dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous. The highly modified metatarsal that is known from shows an example of convergent evolution, as it is more similar to non-iguanodontian ornithopods than to other styracosternans. It is thought that this is due to fulfilling a niche in its island habitat, resulting in Calvarius becoming a small-bodied animal, capable of rapid locomotion.

Astigmasaura is a medium-sized rebbachisaurid sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous period of what is now Argentina. Rebbachisaurids had highly pneumatized bones that helped them to hold their weight on their four pillar-like legs, and extremely long tails. Astigmasaura was likely a ground-level browsing herbivore.